J LIBRARY OF CONGRESS J 

i ■ | 

I UNITED STATES OP AMERICA, J 



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QUESTION 



DESIGNED FOR THE USE OF THOSE ENCAGED IN THE STUDY 



OF 



/ 
Xj-y/IMI.A.IT'S 



Historical mart. 




TO THE NAMES MENTIONED IN THE CHART, 



A LIST OP GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES OP ANCIENT AND MIDDLE 
HISTORY WITH THEIR CORRESPONDING 



I JF **, / MODERN NAMES 



# 

«* 
v 



REVISED, ENLARGED AND IMPROVED. 



*lJ>3jlZ> 



NATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY, 

Cincinnati, O., Memphis, Tenn., & Atlanta, Ga. 

Jones Brothers & Co., Philadelphia & Chicago. 

1874. 



IT 



THE LIBRARY 

OF CONGRESS 

WASHINGTON 



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by 

J. T. JONES, 

in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at "W ashington. 



3^> 



.V 



EXPLANATIONS OF THE CHART. 



All, with some rare exceptions, who attempt to obtain a clear 
and correct knowledge of history, meet with one insurmounta- 
ble obstruction. Although they may, by considerable labor, be 
able to remember a few abstract dates, yet, the vast and mighty 
range of history they cannot arrange or comprehend. It was to 
make this an easy task, as well as for a map of reference, that this 
chart was constructed. It represents the stream of time flowing 
seven inches every century : the different colored streams flow- 
ing parallel represent different eotemporary nations. When a 
nation begins, the stream begins; when one nation conquers 
another, the stream sweeps around, blots it out, and moves on 
wider than before. The events are written down in the stream 
just where they took place; those more prominent in larger 
type, those less prominent in smaller type. The dates in the 
border, at the top of each division, represent the time before and 
after the Christian era. The small dates before each event, are 
taken together with those at the top between that event and the 
Christian era: for example, " 700" at the top, and " 76" before 
the event reads 776, B. C, Epoch of the Olympiads: 753 
Rome founded : 476 A. D., fall of the Western Empire : 1453 
Constantinople, the capital of the Eastern Empire, falls, &c. 

DIVISIONS OF HISTORY. 

The chart is naturally arranged in divisions of 500 years 
each. These divisions are separated by some prominent cha- 
racter or event. Beginning 2000 B. C. Abraham ; 1500 Moses ; 
1000 Solomon; near 500 Daniel and the beginning of the Ro- 
man Republic; A. D. Christ ; A. D. 500 Fall of the Western 
Empire and beginning of Middle Ages ; 1000 Central period 
of the Middle Ages ; 1500 Reformation. 

For the sake of convenience in reference, the history of the 
ancient and some of the modem nations is divided int© .pesoils ' 

7 



8 EXPLANATIONS OF THE CHAR1. 

retch period distinguished by a name indicative of its characxer. 
This name written in italics is placed near the beginning of the 
period; for example, see the history of Greece, 1st period, 
Fabulous, 2d Heroic, 3d Revolutionary, $rc. 

DEFINITIONS OF SIGN9 USED ON THE CHART. 

Battle. 



fesu 




Sea fight. 


Ph. 


. . . . . 


Philosopher. 


Po. 


• 


Poet. 


hist. 


. 


Historian. 


math. 


. 


Mathematician. 


ast. 


. • • - 


Astronomer. 


Or. 


. 


Orator. 


div. 


• • 


Divine. 


J. 


.... 


Judge. 


W. 


• • • • 


War with. 


k. 


.... 


King. 


d. 


• • • . 


Died. 


a. 


• 


Aged. 



Proper names, with no mark affixed to them, are names of 
sovereigns. 

Small figures, enclosed in parenthesis thus, (G5000,) represent 
the census. In the history of Rome, the census included only 
Roman citizens. 

Small figures directly under the dates in the border, reprt ;ent 
the year of the world ; for example, see on the chart under A D.J 
" 4000;" that is 4000 A. M. 



METHOD 

OP TEACHING HISTORY FROM THE CHART. 



1. Let the class read over the names that occui in Ancient 
History, several times, in the presence of the teacher, pro- 
nouncing them correctly, according to the punctuation. 

These names are arranged alphabetically, beginning on 
page 96.* 

2. Let the teacher explain the Chart to the class, in such a 
manner as to make every pupil perfectly acquainted with its 
use. This may be done in few words. (See explanations of 
the Chart.) 

3. Let the teacher intelligibly demonstrate to the pupils the 
manner in which the Chart assists the memory, by bringing to 
its aid the associating principle of the tuind. It should also be 
distinctly understood, by way of illustration, that the pupil should 
endeavor, not so much to remember dates and events arbitrarily, 
as to remember the relative position and connexion of the 
figures, names and narrations on the Chart, and in this way to 
enable himself to bring up the Chart before his " mind's eye" 



* Let not the young pupil be discouraged by so formidable an array 
of hard names and difficult questions. lie will find, that a youth of 
twelve years of age, with ordinary intellect, by one or two hours* 
Study a day, will, in three or four months, be able to answer cor* 
rectly the twenty-three hundred questions here asked, and to give a 
brief account of at least one thousand of the persons mentioned on 
the chart, — that is, to tell the station which each one of them occu- 
pied, and the general condition of the world at the time in which each 
one of them lived. This is more than can be learned in as many 
years by any other course of historical study. 

l* 9 



10 METHOD OF TEACHING. &C. 

and see the events of History in all their bearings, just as in 
the study of Geography, he remembers the boundaries and 
other incidents pertaining to different countries, as laid down 
on the maps. 

4. It would be well thoroughly to review, at every fifth or 
sixth lesson, the ground previously gone over on the Chart, 
and, as far as possible, to accompany a preparation for the 
review, with reading historical works on the period under 
examination. 

5. As soon as the class can readily answer the questions., 
let them give the history of each country, in order, from the 
deluge to the present day. To do this well, it will require 
several recitations. By following these directions, as well as 
others which will suggest themselves to the intelligent teacher 
and the attentive pupil, the student of History, when he takes 
up any period in its annals, or hears its facts or its characters 
referred to, will feel himself at home, — will enter immediately 
into the spirit of the age, — will see the bearing and appreciate 
the force of every remark, and, in a word, will become a correct 
universal historian. 

If the student should think it best to pursue the study of 
history still further in school, it may be taken up either in 
ethonographical, or in chronological order; that is, either by 
separate nations, or cotemporaneously, — and books of history 
may be read, and facts mentioned on the Chart, enlarged upon. 
The recitations should then be conducted without questions, and 
the students be required to give short lectures upon History ; 
each, in succession, taking up the story where the last left 
off, and, in a short time, whole classes will be able to speak 
upon the subject of History with an accuracy and a facility 
astonishing to those who are not acquainted with the manner 
in which the knowledge has been acquired. Able and experi- 
enced teachers, as well as pupils, have testified, that by pur- 
suing the foregoing method, more History can be learned in 
one month, than in one year by any other course without the 
aid of the Chart. 



QUESTIONS 



ON 



THE CHART 



First or Antediluvian Division ; 

Extends from 4000 B. C. to 2348 B. C, or from the Creation 
to the Deluge. 

The only authentic history we have of times anterior to the deluge 
is found in the sacred writings. (See the first six chapters of Genesis.) 
As during this period of 1656 years we have no mention of different 
nat : ons, and but very lutle history, it is thought best to give it but a 
slight representation on the chart. 

How directly could Adam's story 1 ave been handed down to 
Shem? 

To Abraham if th« received system of chronology be correct ? 

Second Division, or Division of Dispersion and 
Relapse; 

Extends from 2W B. C. to 2000 B. C, or from the flood to 
the birth of Abraham. 

1. What is the date of the flood 1 

2. What remarkable occurrence 101 years after the flood! 

3. Where was this tower erected 1 

4. For what was it first built, and for what was it afterwards 
used 1 

5. What did Calisthenes find here 1 ? 

6. Where was BABYLON founded — when and by whom? 

7. Give the particulars of the founding of Nineveh. 

8. After the time of Nimrod and Ashur, what can you say of 
their monarchies ] 

9. What is said of the story of Semiramis ? 

10. When and by whom was the monarchy of EGYPT 
founded ? 

11 



t2 EGYPT, CHINA, JEWS. 

[Between 2000 B. C. and 1500 B. C] 

11. What kingdom founded soon after in South Egypt 1 ? 

12. What dynasty next established in northern or lower Egypt? 

13. By whom and about how long after the foundation of the 
monarchy by Menes? 

14. What is said of the CHINESE monarchy? 

Third Division, or Division cf the Patriarchs, and 
of Egyptian bondage ; 

Extends from 2000 B. C. to 1500 B. C, or from the birth of 
Abraham to Moses. 

1. What is the state of our knowledge of history from this 
period until the establishment of the epochs from which the 
ancients reckoned time] 

2. What four nations are represented during this division ? 

3. What great event took place 1921 B. C? 

4. What took place the next year? 

5. What took place eight years after Abraham and Lot 
separated ? 

G. What son had Abraham two years after this, and what 
nation is descended from him ? 

7. What took place when the lad was 19 years of age? 

8. Date of Abraham's birth ] 

9. Of Isaac's birth ? 

10. How old was Abraham at Isaac's birth ? 

11. What two remarkable events took place the year before 
Isaac's birth? 

12. Name of Abraham's first wife? 

13. Whom did he marry six years after her death? 

14. Name of Isaac's wife? 

15. What is the first period of Jewish history called ? 
10. What is said of Jacob, the son of Isaac ] 

17. What of Joseph, one of the twelve sons of Jacob? 

18. When did Jaco'> and his family enter Egypt? 

19. What period oi Jewish history began with this ''.vent? 

20. What two noted characters were born about 130 years aftei 
this event. 

21. What is said of Moses, 1531 B. C.I 

22. "How was EGYPT divided at the beginning of this period? 

23. What took place in Egypt Voout the time of Abraham's 
death? 

24. \V hen did the seven years of famine begin? 



ASSrRIA, PHOENICIA, GREECE, ASIA MINOR, JEWS. 13 

[Between 2000 B. C. and 1000 B. C.J 
25. What took place the next year ] 
20. By what name were the kings of Egypt called in Scripture 1 

27. What king began to reign 1577 B. C, and what is said 
of him? 

28. What is the state of ASSYRIAN history during this 
period] 

29. What city is first founded in PHCENICIA— when and by 
whom ] 

30. What is said of GREECE prior to the foundation of Athens] 

31. When and by whom is Athens supposed to havo been 
founded ] 

32. What deluge soon after in Greece? 

33. Wl-at city founded in ASIA MINOR— when and by 

whom] r 

Fom th Division, or Division of the Judges ; 

Extends from Moses to Solomon, or from 1500 B. C. to 1000 
B.C. 

1. What nations are represented during this division] 

2. Concerning which of them have we the most certain 
knowledge] 

3. What is the first event mentioned in the history of the 
JEWS after 1500 B. C, and date] 

4. What other great events followed in their history the same 
year] 

5. What period commences here, and how long does it last] 

6. When does Aaron die, and who succeeds him ] 

7. When does Moses die, and who succeeds him ] 

8. What other great event followed the s;nne year] 

9. What took place after four years of war ] 

10. After the death of Joshua how is Israel governed] 

11. What is the period of their history called from this time 
onward, about 150 vears ] 

12. What took place 1413 B. C.I 

13. Who delivered them, and when] 

14. How long does Othniel judge] 

15 Into whose hands are they next delivered ] 
10. When they repent, by whom are they freed ] 

17. What hero performs great exploits soon after this] 

18. Into whose hands, and for what, are they soon after 
delivered 1 



14 JEWS, GREECE. 

[Between 1500 B. C. and 1000 B. C] 

19. What took place 1285 B. C ? 

20. Into whose hands are they next delivered ? 

21. Who frees them ? 

22. Who soon after causes himself to be elected king? 

23. What follows ? 

24. Who next judges Israel, and how long ? 

25. Who succeeds Tola? 

26. What took place 1205 B. C. ? 

27. Who next judges Israel, and what is said of him? 
23. Who succeeds Jephthah as judge ? 

29. Who succeeds Ibzan? 

30. Who succeeds Abdon? 

31. When does he begin to judge, and how long does he reign ' 

32. How long was this after Cecrops founded Athens] 

33. How long before David began his reign ? 

34. What is said of the Israelites soon after? 

35. What noted character follows, and how long does he judge » 

36. What is further said of him ? 

*37. Who next becomes celebrated in Israel, and how long does 
he judge? 

38. What took place 1116 B. C, after Eli had judged forty 
years ? 

39. By whom are they persuaded to repent, 1096 B. C, and 
what follows ? 

40. Who was the first king of Israel ? 

41. When and by whom was he anointed? 

42. What period begins here ? 

43. For what is Saul rejected 1063 B. C. ? 

44. What other events are noticed during this and the next 
year? 

45. What battle 1055 B. C. and result? 

46. When does David begin to reign in Judah, and who reigns 
seven years in Israel ? 

47. W T hat city does David capture soon after? 

48. What nations does he subdue 1043 B. C. ? 

49. Which of his sons revolted 1023 B. C, and by whom is 
he slain? 

50. Name the first city founded in GREECE after the begin- 
ning of this period, by whom and when? 

51. What else is said of Cadmus? 

62. What other city founded about the same time, and by whom 1 

*It will be noticed that Eli, Sarnson, and Samuel, were all judging 
at the same time in different parts of Israel. 



GREECE, EGYPT, ASIA MINOR, JEWS. 15 

[Between 1000 B. C. and 500 B. C] 

53. What four cities have been named that were founded in 
the lifetime of Moses % 

54. Who is supposed to have been king of Athens about 
1500 B. C. ? 

55. What is the first period of Grecian history called ? 

56. What took place in Greece about 1300 B. C. ? 

57. What were the exercises practised at these games ? 

58. In what did the Greeks engage, about 1200 B. C? 

59. What is said of this war ? 

60. What period of Grecian history begins here? 

61. Date of the fall of Troy ? 

62. W^hat led the Greeks to engage in this war? 

63. How was Troy taken ? 

64. W T ho was judging in Israel at this time? 

65. What took place in Greece while Saul was king of Israel ? 

66. What took place in EGYPT soon after the beginning of 
this period ? 

67. What period of Egyptian history begins here, and what is 
said of it? 

68. What is said of the reign of Sesostris ? 

69. What is the first period of the history of ASIA MINOR 
called ? 

70. Name some of the kings of Troy ? 

71. After the destruction of Troy, what is the next period cf 
the history of Asia Minor called ? 

Fifth Division, or Division of the Assyrian Empire; 

Extends from Solomon to Daniel, and the beginning of the Roman 
Republic, or from 1000 B. C. to 500 B. C. 

1. What nations are represented at the beginning of this 
division ? 

2. Who is king of the JEWS at this time? 

3. When did Solomon begin to reign? 

4. For what was he celebrated, and what was the character 
f his reign ? 

5. W^hat noted building was erected by him ? 

6. Date of its dedication ? 

7. W T hat did Solomon afterwards do ? 

8. What influence did his heathen wives have over him? 

9. What can you say of Rehoboam, the successor of Solomon ? 

10. What is the date of the separation of Judah and Israel ? 

11. Who was the first king of the ten tribes of Israel? 



{Q JEWS. 

[Between 1000 B. C. and 500 B. C] 

12. What did he do to prevent his subjects from going to 
Jerusalem to worship'? . 

13. Who was king in Egypt at this time, and what is said of 

14. Who succeeded Rehoboam in Judah, and what is said of 
him] 

15. Who succeeds Abijah, and what is said of his character 

and his reign] 
10. What is aaid of him 941 B. C. ] 

17. Who succeeded Jeroboam in Israel] 

18. What is said of him] 

19. Who succeeded NadabT 

20. What is said of him ] 

21. Who succeeds Baasha? 

22. Who succeeds Elah 1 

23. Who succeeds Zimri ] 

24. Who succeeds Omri ] 

25. For what were they noted ] 

26. Who was king in Syria at this time 1 

27. What great prophet flourished during the reign of Ahab 
and Jezebel ] 

28. About what time is this] 

29. What king reigned in Judah at this time, and what is said 
of him] , . 

30. Who succeeds Jehoshaphat, and what is said of him? 

31. By whom was Jerusalem plundered during his reign? 

32. Who succeeds Jehoram ] 

33. By whose councils was he directed] 

34. Who succeeds Ahaziah] 

35. What did she attempt] 

36. Who succeeds her, and what is said of him] 

37. Who succeeds Jonsh as king of Judah] 

38. Give the principal events in his history. 

39. Who succeeds Amaziah, and about what time] 

40. How did he reign, and whom did he defeat] 

41. What is said of him, 761 B. C.] 

42. Who succeeds Ahab and Jezebel in Israel, and about what 
time ] . 

43. Who succeeds Ahaziah, and what was his character < 

44. Who succeeds Jehoram, and what is said of him] 

45. When was Elijah translated ] 

46. Who succeeded him in the prophetic office ] 

47. Who succeeded Jehu, and what is said of him] 

48. Who succeeded Jehoahaz, and what is said of him? 



JEWS. 17 

[Between 1000 B. C. 500 B. C] 

49. Who succeeded Joash or Jehoash in Israel, and what is 
*aid of him ? 

50. What great prophet flourished under his reign and what 
lime was this ? 

51. What was the state of the government of Israel during 
the twelve years succeeding Jeroboam II. ? 

52. What was the end of Zechariah king of Israel? 

53. What was the end of Shalktm? 

54 What was the character of Menahem ? 

55. What was the end of Pekaiah his successor ? 

56. What took place under Pekah 747 B. C. ? 

57. With whom does Pekah war, and with what success ? 

58. By whom was he slain? 

59. What followed during the next nine years? 

60. Who succeeded and what is said of him ? 

61. What should you conclude was the character of the 
Israelites after the time of Jonah ? 

*62. What took place soon after Hosea came upon the throne, 
and what is the date of this event? 
63 Who succeeded Uzziah or Azariah in Judah ? 

64. What is said of his character and his reign ? 

65. Who succeeded Jotham, and what is said of him ? 

66. Who succeeded Ahaz ? 

67. What was his character, and what is said of him ? 

68. By whom was Jerusalem besieged during his reign, and 
what was the result? 

69. What great prophet flourished during his reign? 

70. About how long was it from his first vision to his last 
prediction? 

71. Who succeeded Hezekiah, and what is said of him? 

72. What is said of the prosperity of the kingdom from the 
time of Manasseh ? 

73. Who succeeded Manasseh, and what was his character? 

74. Who succeeded Amon, and what is said of him? 

75. Who succeeded Josiah, and where was he earned captive? 

76. Who succeeded Jehoahaz ? 

77. What took place during his reign? 

78. What was the date of the capture of Jerusalem by Nebu- 
chadnezzar? 

79. What two great prophets flourished about this time? 

80. How long after the capture of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnez- 
zar before Cyrus issues his decree restoring the Jews ? 



* From this captivity the Israelites never returned. 
2 



18 JEWS, ASSYRIA. 

[Between 1000 B. C. and 500 B. C] 
81 What is this period of 70 years called ? 

82. What followed when Zedekiah rebelled 590 years B. C.I 

83. What took place 568 B. <;.? 

84 What great prophet flourished during this captivity ? 

85. What took place 53b' B. C. ? 

86. What took place 521 B. C.? 

87. What took place the next year ? 

88. What took place 515 B. C. ? 

89. What is still the state of ASSYRIAN history, during the 
first 250 years of this division] 

90. About how many years of Assyrian history are considered 
fabulous ? 

91. Who began to reign about 771 B. C. ? 

92. Relate the particulars of the revolt and division of the 
empire under his reign? 

93. Date of this division? 

94. W'ho reigned in Media ? 

95. Who in Babylon ? 

. 96. What noted era here, and who dated from it? 

97. What period of Babylonian history begins here? 

98. What can you say of this period ? 

99. What period of the history of Nineveh begins here? 

100. Who reigns in Nineveh? 

101. W r hat kingdom did he overthrow 741 B. C? 

102. What power did he subdue the next year? 

103. Whc succeeds Tiglath Pileser? 

104. Whom did he carry captive and when? 

105. Who succeeded Shalmanezer ? 

106. What attempt did he make upon Jerusalem, and with what 
success ? 

107. Who succeeded Sennecherib as king of Nineveh ? 

108. What did he accomplish 681 B. C? 

109. What did he do four years after? 

110. What period of Assyrian history commences witn the 
unior of Nineveh and Babylon ? 

111. Who succeeds Esarhaddon? 

112. Who is he supposed by some to be? 

113. What is said of this, and the following reign? 

114. Who succeeds Chyniladan, or Sarac, and what took place 
at his accession ? 

115. What does he do soon after? 

116. What conquest did his son Nebuchadnezzar make, the 
year before he came upon the throne 1 



ASSYRIA, MEDIA, PERSIA. 19 

[Between 1000 B. C. and 500 B. C] 

117. When was Nineveh destroyed, and by whom? 

118. When did he destroy Jerusalem ? 

119. What city did he take 572 13. C, and after how long a 
siege ? 

120. What further conquest did he make this year] 

121. What is said of hnn 570 B. C.l 
i22. What the next year? 

123. What took place 5G2 B. C. ? 

124. What great prophet flourished during his reign, and that 
of his successors ? 

125. What was the end of Evilmerodach, the successor of 
Nebuchadnezzar ? 

126. "Who succeeded him, and what was Jus end? 

127. Who was the successor of Neriglissar, and the last of 
the kings of Babylon? 

128. When, and by whom, was Babylon taken? 

129. Who was chosen king of MEDIA 710 B. C? 

130. Who was at this time king of Nineveh? 

131. Who was king of Judah? 

132. What great prophet in Judah? 

133. What remarkable event took place in the history of Judah 
the same year that Dejoces came upon the throne of Media ? 

134. What was the end of Dejoces after he had reigned 54 
years ? 

135. Who succeeded him ? 

136. Who succeeds Phraortes, and what is said of him? 

137. What did he do the same year that Nebuchadnezzar took 
Jerusalem ? 

138. By whom is he succeeded 595 B. C. ? 

139. Who succeeds Astyages ? 

140. Who is the first king here mentioned in PERSIA? 

141. What was the conditkn of the Persians previous to the 
time of Cambyses? 

142. What were they called in very early times 1 

143. Who was Cyrus? 

144. What appointment did he receive, and by whom? 

145. Did this appointment effect a union of these two powers? 

146. What battle 548 B. C, and what was the result? 

147. What power is here subdued ? 

148. When did Cyrus take Babylon, and after how long a 
siege ? 

149. What two powers have now fallen under the Medo 



20 PERSIA, GREECE. 

[Between 1000 B. C. and 500 B. C.J 
150. When was Cyrus made king"? 
151 What decree did Cyrus issue in favor of the Jews ? 

152. Who succeeds Cyrus as king;, and what is his character' 

153. What nation subdued by Cambyses? 

154. What three powers now subdued by the Medo Persians 1 

155. Who succeeds Cambyses ? 

156. W T ho succeeds Smerdis? 

157. W T hat decree did he issue the same year that he came 
upon the throne? 

158. What city revolts 517 B. C? 

159. What followed the next year? 

160. Against whom did Darius go 514 B. C, and what fol- 
lowed ? 

161. What council noticed in GREECE, at the beginning of 
this division! 

162. By whom is it supposed u.. have been instituted? 

163. What does ii now become I 

164. What is further said of it? 

165. What two noted character- in Greece at the same time 
that Elijah was in Israel ? 

166. About what time did Homer and Hesiod flourish I 

167. What great character commenced a revolution in Greece 
the same year that Jehu came upon the throne of Israel ? 

168. Date of Lycurgus' reform? 

169. What is said of him? 

170. What period of Grecian history begins with him? 

171. What period begins at his death? 

172. What epoch in the next century? 

173. What is its date, and what is said of it? 

174. What other era has imen mentioned in this century, and at 
what date ? 

175. What change soon after in the government of Athens? 

176. What war soon after in Greece, and how did it end? 

177. What was trie third change in the government of 
Athens? 

178. What war about the same time in Greece? 

179. Who were at first victorious? 

180. How did the war finally end ? 

181. What lawgiver appeared in Athens 624 B. C, and what is 
his code styled? 

182. What nations are at this time represented on the chart? 

183. What lawgiver soon after in Athens ? 

184. Date of his code, and what title did it gain for him? 



GREECE, ROME, EGYPT. 21 

[Between 1000 B. C. and 500 B. C] 

185. Mention some of the poets and philosophers that flourished 
about this time in Greece. 

186. Of what sect was Thales the founder? 

187. Whc usurped the government of Athens soon after ] 

188. What is said of his reign ] 

189. What new exhibitions and improvements in Greece during 
his time] 

190. What great change in the world's history during his 
reign ] 

191. Who succeeded him in the government of Athens] 

192. What was the fate of each ] 

193. What noted philosopher about this time in Greece] 

194. What is the date of the foundation of ROME] 
This is the era from which the Romans reckoned time, 

195. What other great epochs, or eras, have been mentioned in 
this century, and what is the date of each ] 

196. Who is said to have founded Rome, and what is related 
of him] 

197. Who succeeded Romulus, and what is said of him] 

198. Who succeeded Numa, and what was his character] 

199. What noted combat took place in his reign] 

200. Who succeeds Tullus Hostilius, and what is his character] 

201. Who succeeds Ancus Martius, and what is said of him] 

202. Who succeeds Tarquin the Elder, and what is said of 
him ] 

203. W r ho succeeds ServiusTullius,and what is his character] 

204. What took place 509 B. C. ] 

205. W T ho were chosen consuls ] 

206. W r hat is said of the story of Rome, under the kings] 

207. Who began to reign in EGYPT, about 978 B. C.] 

208. What conquest did he make in the time of Rehoboam, the 
successor of Solomon ] 

209. When are the first three pyramids supposed to have been 
built] 

210. W r hat took place in Egypt 670 B. C. ] 

211. W T ho began to reign 616 B. C.] 

212. Who succeeded Pharaoh Necho in Egypt] 

213. Mention some characters that were cotemporary wit^ 
Apries. 

211. W 7 hat took place in Egypt 572 B. C.] 

215. What did Amasis soon after do ] 

216, W^hen, and by whom, was Egypt subdued] 

2* 



23 TYRE, LYDIA, EGYPT, PERSIA. 

[Between 1000 B. C. and the Christian Era.] 

217. What is said of Hiram, king of TYRE, in the time of 
Solomon ? 

218. Who succeeded Hiram as king of Tyre? 

219. \\ ho reigned in Tyre cotemporary with Lycurgus ? 

220. \\ hat took place daring his reign ? 

221. Date of the foundation of Carthage! 

222. What is said of the Tyrians between 600 and 700 B. C. 1 

223. "W lien was Tyre taken, and by whom'? 

224. Mention some of the kings of Lydia, previous to the year 
600 B. C.I 

225. What great philosopher and fabulist in LYDIA soon 
after? 

226. Who was king of Lydia, when it w T as subdued by Cyrus 1 

227. What is said of Croesus' court] 

Sixth Division, or Division of the Macedonian 
Empire; 

Extends from 500 B. C. to A. D., or from near the time ol 
Daniel, and the foundation of the Roman republic, to the Chris- 
tian era. 

1. W T hat nations are represented at the beginning of this 
division ? 

2. Which are the two most powerful, at this time ? 

3. W T ho was reigning in PERSIA? 

4. Who had, a short time before, governed Athens in 

GREECE? 

5. Where do we next hear of Hippias, 500 B. C? 

6. What effect did his favorable reception by Darius have 
upon the Athenians? 

7. What did they do? 

. What did Darius undertake, 494 B. C? 
9. With what battle was this expedition terminated, and what 
was the result of that battle, 490 B. C? 

This battle begins what is called the PERSIAN WAR. 

10. Who succeeds Darius on the Persian throne, and when? 

1 1. What did he undertake, after three years -spent in prepa- 
ration ? 

12. What is said of the size of his army? 

13. What aid did he receive from Carthage? 

14. Where, and by whom, was he first opposed, 480 B. C? 

15. What seafight sdon after, and result? 



GREECE, PERSIA. 23 

[Between 500 B. C. and the Christan Era.] 

16. What period of Grecian history begins about this time? 

17. What did Xerxes do, after this failuie ? 

18. What is said of the state of the Persian empire from this 
time ? 

19. What battle followed 479, and result? 

20. What sea fight on the same day, and result] 

21. Who now became the aggressors, and how? 

22. By whom were the Persians again defeated, 470 B. C? 

23. What great character from this time ruled Athens, and 
how long? 

21. How did the third war between the Spartans and Messeni- 
ans end ? 

25. What two poets flourished in Greece, during the time of 
the Persian war? 

2G. What poet and philosopher, just previous to this war? 

27. What great historian soon after this war? 

28. Who succeeded Xerxes, as king of Persia ? 

29. Who succeeded Artabanus ? 

30. By what other name is Artaxerxes called ? 

31. What did he do 456, B. C? 

32. What decree did Hainan procure 451 B. C. ? 

33. What followed? 

34. W T ho succeeded Artaxerxes, the Longhanded, and about 
what time ? 

35. Who succeeded Xerxes II. ? 

36. Who succeeded Sogdianus ? 

37. What was the character of Darius Nothus? 

38. By whom was he governed ? 

39. In what war did he take part? 

40. Whom did his generals favor? 

41. What province revolts from the Persians, 414 B. C? 

42. By whom are they aided, and what the result? 
43 What took place 363 B. C. ? 

44- What is the condition of New Tyre, under the Persians? 
45. Who succeeded Darius Nothus? 
46- What event happened soon after? 

47. What battle followed, and rpsult? 

48. What famous retreat followed, and by whom is it de- 
scribed ? 

49. What is the state of the empire, from the time of Darius 
Nothus ? 

50. Who was king at the time of the destruction of the em- 
pire by Alexander ? 



24 GREECE, PERSIA. 

[Between 500 B. C. and the Christian Era.] 

51. What period of Grecian history begins 431 B. C? 

52. What war begins at this time, in Greece ? 

53. W T hat cities took the lead in this war, and how long did it 
continue ? 

54. What do we find the next year after the war begins 1 

55. What battle 405 B. C, and result! 

56. How was this war ended, 404 B. C.? 

57. What great moralist and philosopher flourished during this 
war? 

58. When was he put to death ? 

59. After the thirty tyrants that were placed over Athens by 
Sparta, had ruled one year, what took place ? 

60. What war began in Greece nine years after the close of 
the Peloponnesian war? 

61. How were the states of Greece divided 1 

62. What battle next year, and result? 

63. What peace followed, 387 B. C. ? 

64. What celebrated historian died, in the time of this war ? 
65 What noted physician flourished soon after Thucydidee ? 

66. What philosopher at the same time ? 

67. What noted historian soon after ? 

68. What great philosopher at the same time with Xenophon 1 

69. What battle 371 B. C, and result ? 

70. What battle eight years after, and result ? 

71. What war began soon after, in Greece ? 

This war was excited by an attempt of the Phocians to plunder the 
Temple of Delphos. The Thebans soon after solicited the aid of 
Philip of Macedonia, which brought him in contact with the Grecian 
states. 

72. What war began 339 B. C. ? 

73. What advisers had the Athenians, and whose counsel 
did they follow ? 

74. What battle, and result ? 

75. What philosophers flourished at this time? 

76. Who succeeded Philip in Macedonia, and when ? 

77. What did Alexander do the next year, 335 B. C. ? 

78. What invasion does he commence 334 B. C. ? 

79. What was his first battle after he crossed the Hellespont 
into the Persian dominions, and result? 

80. What great battle next year, and result? 

81. W T hat is said of Egypt the next year? 

82. What of Tyre? 

83. What great battle 330 B. C, and result? 



ASSYRIA, EGYPT. 25 

[Between 500 B. C. and the Christian Era.] 

84. Whom did Alexander defeat two years after this 1 ? 

85. Where and when did Alexander die, and at what age] 

86. Give some account of the scenes that took place between 
his death, and the final division of the empire among four of 
his principal generals. 

87. What were the names of these divisions 1 

88. Who had Macedonia 1 

89. Who had Egypt ? 

90. Who had Syria and the east? 

91. Who had Thrace and Bithynia] 

92. By whom was Athens taken in 298 B. C. 1 

93. How was the Achaean League formed] 

94. What two philosophers at this time, in Greece] 

95. Who ravaged Greece ab'out this time? 

9G. What chronological tables composed about this time? 

97. What chronology is founded upon them ] 

98. By whom was the Achaean League renewed ] 

99. About what time did Sparta join the League] 

100. What noted character at this time generalissimo of th& 
League ] 

101. W^hat is said of him] 

102. By whom were the Greeks finally subdued, 146 B. C. ] 

103. What noted geometrician in EGYPT, about 300 B. C. ] 

104. What famous library founded by Ptolemy Lagus] 
£05. What period of Egyptian history begins here] 

106. Who succeeded Ptolemy Lagus] 

107. What celebrated translation did he cause to be made] 

108. Who succeeded Ptolemy Philadelphus ! 

109. What is said of the sovereigns of this period ] 

110. Name some of the sovereigns of Egypt, between this and 
the time of Cleopatra] 

111. What is said of Cleopatra] 

112. By what nation was Egypt suhdued, and when] 

113. What period in the history of Syria began 312 B. C. ? 

114. Name some of the kings of this period. 

115. Who was king at the time the Jews submitted to the 
Syrians ] 

116. What conquests did he make] 

117. Who excites him against the Romans] 

118. What battle followed 190 B. C.] 

1 19. Who was king when the Jews gained their independence ' 

120. By whom were the Syrians finally subdued ] 

121 About how long did the kingdom of Lysimachus last ' 



20 HOME. 

[Between 500 B. C. and the Christian Era.J 
123. What change in the Government of ROME, took place 
near the beginning- f this division ? 

123. Who were the first* consuls ? 

The Consuls were chosen yearly ; they had the same badges as the 
kings, except the crown, and their power was nearly equal. 

124. What officer chosen 501 B. C. ? 

The Dictator was chosen in times of great danger, and held unlimited 
power during the period of six months. 

125. What new officer chosen 493 B. C? 

The Tribunes were chosen annually by the Plebeians, to protect 
themselves against the Patricians. 

126. What did Coriolanns do after having been banished foi 
proposing the abolition cf the Tribunate? 

127. Who was king of Persia at this time? 

128. What noted generals in Greece, about this time? 

120. What armament goes from Carthage the same year that 
Coriolanus returned from banishment] 

130. Which was the strongest power at this time, Rome or 
Carthage? (Carthage.) 

131. What was the effect of the law of Volero? 

Under this law the Tribunes were elected by the comitia, held by 
tribes, and the government passed into the hands of the people. It 
became practically Democratic. 

132. What officers next appointed instead of consuls 445 B. C. ? 
There were three patricians and three plebeians. 

133. W T ho was chosen Dictator on an invasion of the Aequi and 
Volsci, 456 B. C.? 

134. What officers of government appointed 451 B. C. ? 

The Decemviri, were ten persons elected to frame a code of laws. 
For nearly three years, all other magistrates were suspended. The 
infamous conduct of Appius Claudius, one of their number, caused 
their overthrow. 

135. What officers appointed 437 B. C. ? 

The business of the Censors, was to take the census, inspect the 
morals, and regulate the duties of the citizens. 

136. What improvement in her military system, 406 B. C? 

137. What city taken 3'J1 B. C, after a vigorous siege of ten 
years, -and by whom 1 

138. What terrible calamity befel Rome soon after this? 

139. What was the date of this event, and by whom wa3 the 
capitol saved ? 

140. What Avar was going on in Greece, at this time? 



ROME. 27 

[Between 500 B, C. and the Christian era.] 

141. How long was this event after the battle of Marathon, in 
Greece? 

142. What is said of Manlius Capitolinus] 

143. What change in the Roman constitution, 369 B. C. ] 

144. What war begins 343 B. C, and how long did it lastl 

145. What cities surrendered 340 B. C.] 

116. What is the modern name of Latium ] (Sec tables.) 

147. What conquest completed 338 B. C. ] 

148. What is the modern name of Campania] 

1 49 What battle in Greece, the same year, and result ] 

150. How were the Romans humbled, 321 B. C.] 

151. How did they retaliate the next year] 

152. What great general lands in Italy 280 B. C.] 

153. How long was this after Rome was burned by the Gauls] 

154. How long after Xerxes had invaded Greece] 

155. How did he succeed in his first battle with the Romans] 

156. What noted statesman and general had the Romans] 

157. What took place after Pyrrhus had remained six years in 
Italy] 

158. What happened to him the next year, after having ravaged 
Greece ] 

159. W 7 hen was the whole of Italy finally subjected by the 
Romans] 

160. What period ended here] 

161. What war began two years after, and how long did it last 1 

162. What period of Roman history commenced here] 

163. W'hat noted general had the Carthagenians in this war? 

164. What was the result of the first sea fight] 

165. What was the result of the second sea fight] 

166. To whom did the Carthagenians next apply, and with 
what success] 

167. What nations now represented upon the chart] 

168. When did the second Punic war begin, and how long did 
it continue ] 

169. What great general led the Carthagenians during this war] 

170. Relate something of his exploits] 

171. What two battles the first year of this war, and result] 

172. What battle the second year, and result] 

173. W r hat battle the third year, and result] 

174. What Roman general took Syracuse, and after how long 
a siege ] 

175. By whom was it defended ] 

176. When Asdrabul came to Italy to aid Hannibal, what battle 
was fought, and result ] 



[Between 500 B. C. and the Christian Era.] 

177. What Roman general then led an army in Africa? 

178. What course did the Carthagenians then take] 

179. When was this, and what was the result] 

180. Whom did the Romans defeat 197 B. C.] 

181. Who succeeds Philip V., in Macedon] 

182. What battle 1G8 13. C, and result] 

183. About how long was this after the final reduction of Italy. 
and beginning of the first Punic war] 

184. What war next broke out] 

185. How long did it last before Carthage was destroyed] 

186. What is the date of the destruction of Carthage] 

187. What other conquest completed the same yeaf] 

188. What conquest completed 133 B. C. ] 

189. What two brothers after asserting the claims of the people, 
were slain about this time] 

190. What period of Roman history begins with the fall of 
Carthage ] 

191. What war begins 111 B. C, and how does it end] 

192. W T hat war begins 91 B. C, and by what was it caused . 

193. What war began 89 B. C. ] 

194. Who was Mithridates, and what did his dominions at this 
time include] 

195. What war began 88 B. C. ] 

196. What took place 82 B. C. ] 

197. What war began 73 B. C, and by what was it caused, 
and how brought to a close] 

198. What powerful enemy of Rome overthrown 66 B. C.,and 
by whom ] 

199. What conspiracy 63 B. C, and what is said of it] 

200. What triumvirate formed 56 B. C, and by whom com- 
posed ] 

201. What was the end of Crassus? 

202. What civil war followed, and when did it begin ] 

203. What battle next year, and what was the result] 

204. What took place two years after] 

205. What the next year, 44 B. C. ] 

206. W he formed the second triumvirate] 

207. Who fell victims to their proscriptions] 

208. What battle next year, and result] 

209. What took place 32 B. C.] 

210. What battle 31 B. C, and who then came upon the throne 
as the first emperor ] 

211. What is said of his reign? 



JEWS, GREEeE. 29 

[Between 500 B.C. and the Christian era.] 

212. What noted literary characters flourished during the last 
century ? 

213. To what nation were the JEWS in subjection at the begin 
ning- of this division] 

214. What is related of Ezra, the priest, 467 B. C? 

215. What of Nehemiah, 455 13. C.] 

216. What great prophet soon after, and what is said of him ? 

217. Who was king of Persia at the time of Malachi] 

218 Who governed Athens'? 

219 What noted historian at this time in Greece 1 

A striking fact will be noticed here, that the Old Testament history 
comes down to that point where well authenticated profane history 
begins. 

220. To whom was the government of the Jews committed after 
the death of Nehemiah] 

221. What was the effect of this ] 

222. What is said of the Jews at the time of the conquests of 
Alexander] 

223. What is said of Simon the Just, soon after 300 B. C. ] 

224. Who succeeded Simon, and what is said of him] 

225. What sects begin to appear in the time of Onias, his suc- 
cessor, and what is said of them ] 

226. What attempt did Ptolemy soon after make, and what 
followed ] 

227. When did the Jews submit to Antiochus, and what followed] 

228. Who was ruling in Syria when the Jews revolted ] 

229. How did Jason obtain the high priesthood ] 

230. How did Menelaus obtain it, and what followed ] 

231. What did Antiochus do 170 B. C. ? 

232. What did he next attempt ? 

233. What followed 165 B. C 1 

234. What is the period embracing the next 99 years of Jewish 
history called ] 

235. Who succeeds Judas as high priest and generalissimo of 
the army, and what does he do] 

236. Who succeeds Jonathan] 

237. Who succeeds Simon, and what is said cf him] 

238. What can you say of Aristobulus 106 B. C. ] 

239. Who the next year succeeds Aristobulus, and what is said 
of him] 

240. After a reign of twenty-six years by whom was Alex. 
Jannaeus succeeded ] 

241. What took place 67 B. C. 1 

3 



SO CARTHAGE, PARTHIA. 

[Between 500 B. C. and the Christian era.] 

242. When was Judea again subdued, and by whom ? 

243. With whom were the Jews soon after contending? 

244. Who came upon the throne 37 B. C, and what is said of him? 

245. About what time, and by whom, is CARTHAGE sup- 
posed to have been founded ? 

246. What aid did the Carthaginians afford Xerxes ? 

247. What commenced 406 B. C. ? 

248. What was Syracuse ? 

249. About how long did this struggle last? 

250. What noted character appeared in Carthage about 300 
B. C, and what did he attempt? 

251. What is said of Carthage about this time? 

252. What noted general had the Carthaginians during the 
first Punic war? 

253. After the war had continued fifteen years, to whom did the 
Carthaginians apply for aid, and with what success? 

254. What great general did Carthage produce in the 6econd 
Punic war, and what is said of him ? 

255. What war began 149 B. C. ? 

256. W'hen was Carthage destroyed ? 

257. To whom did PARTHIA belong in early times? 

258. After the death of Alexander, to whose share did it fall? 

259. Who heads the Parthians in their revolt from the king of 
Syria? 

260. What period of Parthian history begins with him? 

261. What conquest did he make? 

262. With whom were the Parthians at war about 200 B. C. ? 

263. Who began to reign 156 B. C, and what was his character? 

264. What conquests did he make? 

265. What is said of the character of the Parthians ? 

General Questions on Ancient History. 
It will be perceived that these questions are so asked, as to 
require the scholar in answering them fully, to give lectures. 
These lectures may be long or short, at the discretion of the 
teacher. 

1. What is the date of the foundation of BABYLON and 
Nineveh, and about how long was this after the flood ? 

2. Give the principal events in the history of the world be- 
tween the time of the flood and the foundation of Babylon. 

3. What was the first period of Assyrian history, and what 
can you say of it ? 

4. When does it end ? 



BABYLON, JEWS. 31 

[General Questions B. C.] 

5. What revolution here took place ? 

6. What penoil of the history of Babylon begins here? 

7. What can you say of 1 h is period ? 

8. What period of the history of Nineveh begins here? 

9. What took place during this period ? 

10. By whom was Babylon united to Nineveh, and when i 

11. What period begins here > 

12. Name some of the prominent events of this period. 

13. About how long did the Assyrian empire stand, after the 
reunion of Babylon with Nineveh ? 

14. What five nations subdued by the Assyrians ? 

15. What five nations existing at the time of Nebuchadnezzar* 
that were not subdued by the Assyrians? 

16. What individuals can you name contemporary with Nebu- 
chadnezzar ? 

17. W T hat is the first period of the history of the JEWS called ? 

18. What are the prominent events in this period ? 

19. What is the second period called, and when does it begin 
and end ? 

20. What are the prominent events in the Egyptian period ? 

21. When does the third period begin, and how long does it last? 

22. What are the prominent events of this period 1 

23. When does the fourth period begin, and when does it end ? 

24. Give some of the prominent events and characters in the 
order in which they are mentioned in this period ? 

25. When does the next period of their history begin? 

26. How many kings reigned before the division, and what is 
the length of each reign ? 

27. Name some of the prominent events that took place during 
the reign of each. 

28. Date the separation of the ten tribes from the tribes of 
Judah and Benjamin ? 

29. Name the principal characters and events in the history 
of the ten tribes, after the separation at the death of Solomon, 
until they were carried captive by Shahnanezar. 

30. In the history of Judah, until they were carried captive by- 
Nebuchadnezzar ? 

31. Date of this event, and what period begins here? 

32. How long does it last ? 

The remaining periods of Jewish history are the Medo- Persian, 
Macedonian, Ptolemy-Egyptian, Syrian, Maccabees or Heroic, and 
Roma?i. 
33 When doe* the Medo-Persian period begin aad end * 



32 jews. 

[General Questions B.C.] 
34 Name the prominent events and characters in this period. 
35. When does the next or Macedonian period begin, and end ? 
3G. To whom were the Jews next ia subjection, and how 
long l 

37. Name the prominent events that took place during this 
period. 

38. To whom were they next subject, and how long ? 

39. What are the prominent events that took place in the 
Syrian period 1 

40. What is the next period of Jewish history, and how long 
does it last] 

41. What are the prominent characters and events of this 
period ? 

42. By what nation are the Jews next subjected ? 

43. What is the first period of Egyptian history called?* 

44. W T hat are the prominent events mentioned in this period? 

45. What is the second period called ? 

46. What is said of this period 1 

47. Who subjected Egypt near the close of this period ? 

The next two periods of Egyptian history are the Medo-Persian 
and Macedonian. 

48. What prominent facts are mentioned during these periods ? 

49. What is the next period, and what can you say of its 
history 1 

50. W T hat are the prominent events mentioned in trie history 
of Pbrenicia ? 

51. Into what two periods is the history of Asia Minor 
divided ? 

52. When does each begin and end, and what are the promi- 
nent events in the history of each 1 

53. What is the first period of the history of Greece called ? 

54. What are the prominent events mentioned in its history? 

55. What is the second period of Grecian history called, and 
when does it begin and end ? 

56 What are the prominent events mentioned in its history? 

57. What is the next period, and the prominent events of its 
history ? 

58. What period begins at the death of Lycurgus, and when 
does it end I 

59. What are the prominent events in the history of this 
period ? 

60. What is the next period, and what are its prominent events 
and characters ? 

* Scriptural. 



GENERAL QUESTIONS. 33 

[Between the Flood and the Christian era.] 

The remaining periods are the Macedonian, and the period of the 
Achsan League. 

61. What are the prominent events mentioned in the history of 
gach period 1 

62. Give the prominent events mentioned in the history of 
Media, previous to the time of its union with Persia] 

63. What is said of Persia previous to its union with Medial 

64. Give the prominent outlines of the history of the Medo- 
Persian power. 

65. What are the prominent events and characters mentioned 
m the history of Carthage 1 

66. What is the first period of the history of Rome, and when 
does it begin, and end \ 

67. What are the principal events mentioned in this period, 
and what is said of their authenticity? 

68. What is the second period, and when does it begin, and 
end! 

69. Mention some of the prominent characters and events of 
this period 1 

70. What is the third period, and when does it begin, and 
end? 

71. What are the prominent events and characters of this 
period 1 

72. What is the fourth period of Roman history called ? 

73. Mention some of the prominent characters and events of 
this period, in their order! 

Seventh Division, or Division of the Ro?nan 
Empire; 

Extends from the advent of our Saviour, to the fall of the Western 
empire and beginning of the Middle ages, or from A. D. to 500 
A. D. 

1. What nations are represented at the beginning of this 
division ? 

2. Who is upon the throne of the ROMAN EMPIRE ? 

3. What period of Roman history begins with Augustus? 

4. Is the world now in peace, or engaged in war ? 

5. What is the number of the standing army of the Ro. 
•nans ? 

6. Of the navy ? 

7. What is the government of the Romans 1 

8. What is the population of the empire at the accession of 
\ugustus ! 

3* 



34 ROMAN EMPIRE. 

[Between A. D- and 500 A. D.] 
9. How long did Augustus reign after the Christian eral 

10. \W succeeded him, and what is his character 1 

11. What course did he pursue towards his nephew, German! 
ens ? 

12. Whom did he next take into confidence? 

13. Who succeeded Tiberius, and what was his character? 
14 Who succeeded Caligula, and what was his character? 

15. Who succeeded Claudius, at what date, and what is said 
of him 1 

16. What prominent literary characters flourished about th« 
time of the Christian era ? 

17. What great philosopher and moralist flourished during thus 
reign of Claudius, and what is said of his end? 

18. Who succeeded Nero ? 

19. Who succeeds Galba? 

20. W T ho succeeds Otho ? 

21. Who succeeds Vitellius, and what is said of him ? 

22. What city did he destroy the same year that he came upon 
the throne ? 

23. W^hat is the date of this event, and what is said nf the 
siege? 

24. What great characters flourished during his reign, and tbat 
of two of his successors ? 

25 Who succeeds Vespasian, and what is said of him ** 

26. W T hat remarkable event took place the same year? 

27. What noted character smothered at this irruption ? 

28. Who succeeds Titus, and what is said of him? 

29. Who succeeds Domitian, and what is said of him ? 

30. Who succeeds Nerva, at what date, and what is said ef 
him ? 

31. What is said of the comparative size of the empire daring 
his reiffn ? 

32. Who succeeds Trajan, and what is said of him? 

33. What took place in Judea, near the close of the reign of 
Adrian ? 

34. Who succeeds Adrian, and what is said of him ? 

35. What noted writers flourished during the first half of %%h 
century ? 

36. Who succeeds Antoninus Pius, and what is said of him! 

37. Who succeeds Marcus A. Antoninus, and what is said of 
him ? 

38. Who succeeds Commodus, and what is said of hiro ? 
39 Who succeeds Pertinax, and by what means ? 



ROMAN EMPIRE. 35 

iBetwcen A. D. and 500 A. D.] 

40. Who succeeds Didius Julianus, and what is said of himJ 

41. Who succeeds Severus, and what is said of them! 

42. What is the end of the next two sovereigns ? 

43. Who comes upon the throne A. D. 222 ? 

44. What are the names and characters of some of the empe- 
rors between this and 300, and what is said of them ? 

45. Between 250 and 300 how many tyrants usurped the 
throne, and what was generally their end ? 

46. Who comes upon the throne 306, A. D. ? 

47. Who finally reigned alone, and at what date? 

48. What is said of Constantine ? 

49. Where was the seat of the empire removed by him? 

50. Who next came upon the throne, and what followed 1 

51. Who is crowned 361, A. D. ? 

52. What is said of him ? 

53. Who succeeds Julian ? 

54. Who succeeds Jovian ? 

55. What does Valentinian give his brother Valens ? 

56. What then took place 364, A. D. ? 

57. Who succeeds Valentinian, as emperor of the West ? 

58. Who succeeds Gratian? 

59. What great event took place during the reign of Valenti- 
nian II., 384, A. D. ? 

60. Who succeeds Valens, as emperor o f the East"? 

61. What took place 392, A. D. ? 

62. What is further said of Theodosius ? 

63. When was the empire permanently divided ? 

64. What is said of the emperor Arcadius? 

65. What of the emperor Theodosius II. ? 

66. Who became emperor of the East 450, A. D. ? 

67. Who succeeds Marcian ? 

68. What took place under Leo? 

69. Who succeeds Leo, and what did he do? 

70. At what time was Honorius made emperor of the west? 

71. What dreadful event took place duiing his reign, 410, 
A. D.? 

72. What three tribes of Barbarians established themselves ic 
the Roman empire, the year preceding the invasion of Alaric? 

73. From what region were the Vandals, and where did they 
settle ? 

74. What is the modern name of Scandinavia ? See tables.) 

75. The modern name of Vandalusia ? 

76 What did the Vandals do 497, A. D. ? 



36 ROMAN EMPIRE. 

[Between A. D. and 500 A. D.] 

77. Where were the Allans from, and where did they settle 1 

78. What is the modern Dame of Sarmatia ? 

79. What of Lusitania ? 

80. From what region were the Suevi? 

81. W T hat tribe settled in the empire 412, A. D. ? 

82. What nation settled in the empire 413, A. D.? 

83. What nation 420, A. D., and where ? 

84. What took place 426, A. D. ? 

85. What great conqueror ravaged the empire 447, A. D. ? 

86. What one 455? 

87. About how long is this after Genseric, at the head of the 
Vandals, passed from Spain into Africa? 

88. What is the date of the fall of the empire? 

89. Who took Rome at this time, and what title did he assume ? 

90. By whom, and when, were the Heruli overthrown ? 

CHURCH History. 

91. To what nation was the greater part of the known world 
under subjection, at the time of the coming of Christ ? 

92. Was it a time of peace or war ? 

93. What was the state of intelligence through the world at 
this time, compared with any former period ? 

94. Mention some of the prominent scholars that lived within 
half a century of this time, before and after. 

95. When was our Lord crucified ? 

96. How long after this event before the conversion of St. 
Paul? 

97. What took place 42, A. D. ? 

98. What controversy soon after? 

99. What council 50, A. D., and what was done at this 
council ? 

100. What events are mentioned between this and 64, A. D. ? 

101. W T hat is the first period of church history called ? 

102. What took place 64, A. D. ? 

103. How long had Nero been upon the throne at this time? 

104. What two apostles suffered martyrdom the third year of 
this persecution ? 

105. What began 95, A. D.? 

106. W T hat two noted characters at this time, and what is said 
of them ? 

107. How long was this after Jerusalem was destroyed? 

108. What took place 107, A. D. ? 

L09. W nat noted character suffeiea martyrdom during this per- 
secution ? 



CHURCH HISTORY PARTHiA. 37 

[Between A. D. and 500 A. D.) 

110. What took place 150, A. D. 1 

111. What disputes 158, A. D.? 

112. What noted character mentioned at this time] 

113. What commenced 163, A. D. ] 

114. What noted character mentioned during this persecution, 
and what is said of him ] 

115. What event mentioned 202, A. D.] 

116. What great character mentioned at this t.me, and what is 
said of him ] 

117. What event 226, A. D., and under what emperor 1 

118. What great character suffered martyrdom 254, A D., and 
what is said of him '? 

119. What persecution about this time, and what originated 
with it, and how 1 

120. Date of this persecution ] 

121. What celebrated dispute soon after? 

122. What events further are mentioned during the remainder 
of this century] 

123. What begun 302, A. D. ? 

124. W 7 hat put an end to this persecution ] 

125. What period of church history begins about this time? 

126. What noted characters are mentioned] 

127. What took place 316, A. D. 1 

128. What council 325, A. D., and what is said respecting it] 

129. W T hat great character flourished at this time, and what is 
said of him ] 

130. What is said of Liberius, bishop of Rome ] 

131. Are the Christians persecuted any further this century] 

132 W T hat prominent characters mentioned about this time ] 

133 What is said of Siricius, bishop of Rome ] 

134. What great discussion took place the same year that he 
was made bishop of Rome] 

135. What remarkable characters flourished 400, A. D. ] 

136. Why was St. Chrysostom so called ] 

137. What is said of Pelagius] 

138. With whom, and when does the second branch of the 
Arsnoidce begin in PARTHIA] 

139. What revolution 223, A. D. ] 

140. What dynasty begins here] 

141. Who succeeds Artaxerxes, and what is said ot him] 

142. Who came upon the throne 294, A. D., and what is said 
of him] 

143. Who succeeds Narses, how long does he reign, and what 
is his character 1 



38 PERSIA, FRANCE 

[From 500 A. D. to 1000 A. D.] 

144. What commenced 340, A. D., and how long did it con 
tinue ? 

145. What was the result of the battle of Sirigate 348, A. D • 

146. What did Sapores do 359, A. D. ? 

147. What took place 3G3, A. D. ? 

148. Who succeeded Sapores II., and what is said of him! 

149. What commenced 418, A. D., and how long did it con- 
tinue ? 

Eighth Division, or First Division of the Mid- 
dle Ages. 

Extends from the fall of the W T estern empire to the Central 
period of the Middle Ages, or from 500 A. D., to 1000 A. D. 

1. What nations are represented at the beginning of this 
division ? 

2. Who was upon the throne in France ? 

3. How was his kingdom divided at his death 511, A. D.I 

4. Who finally gained the ascendency, and reunited the km.t 

5. What took place at his death ? 

6. Who next reunites the kingdom? 

7. What took place 632, A. D.? 

8. What at the death of Dagobert? 

9. What took place 687, A. D.? 

10 Mention some of the kings between this and 730, A. D. 

11. Who succeeded Pepin de Hiristal,as mayor of the palace, 
and when ? 

12. What great event 732, A. D. ? 

13. Who succeeds Charles Martel, as mayor? 

14. What did he do 752, A. D. ? 

15. What did the pope decide? 

16. What dynasty of kings ends here' 

17. Who succeeds Pepin le Bref. 768, A. D. ? 

18. With whom was Charlemagne at war between 772, and 
803? 

19. Whom did he defeat 773, A. D. ? 

20. What followed, 774,A. D. ? 

21. When was Charlemagne crowned emperor? 

22. What was his character ? 

23. What period begins with Charlemagne? 

24. Who succeeds him 813, A. D.? 

25. What is said of Louis le Debonair ? 

36. How was the empire finally divided at his death ? 



fRAKTCE, BRITAIN. 39 

[From 900 A. D. to 1000 A. D. 

27. What took place the next year ] 

28. What is the condition of France about this time? 

29. Who succeeds Charles the Bald] 
SO. Who succeeds Louis II. 1 

31. Who succeeds Louis III., and Carloman] 

32. What took place 885, A. D. ] 

33. What followed soon after this ] 

34. Who succeeds Charles the Fat 1 

35. Who succeeds Eudes, or Odo 1 
3G. What took place 911, A. D. 1 

37. Who succeeds Charles the Simple ] 

38. Who succeeds Robert the Usurper? 

39. Who succeeds Ralpho, or Rodolph ] 

40. What is the condition of France during this century ! 

41. What took place 950, A. D. ] 

42. Who succeeds Louis, 954, A. D.I 

43. What did he do 961. ] 

44. Who succeeds Lothaire, 986, A. D., and what is his end ! 

45. Who succeeds Louis the Lazy ] 

46. Who commenced invading England soon after the Romans 
left Britain, 429, A. B.] 

47. Whom did the Britons call to their aid 447, A. D., and 
what followed ] 

48. What two .kingdoms founded between 455 and 500, and 
by whom ] 

49. Which of the seven kingdoms of the Heptarchy founded 
between 500 and 600, and by whom ] 

50. What noted battle took place between the Saxons and 
ancient Britons, 511, A. D.] 

51. What success had Arthur against the Saxons 519, A. D. 1 

52. What followed 542, A. D. % 

63. What event took place 597, A. D. ] 

54. Had Christianity been introduced previous to the time of 
Austin! 

55. What noted character flourished about 700, A. D. 1 

56. What great battle in France, three years before Bede's 
death] 

57. What is said of the Britons (the ancient inhabitants of 
the island) at this time] 

58. What noted character flourished soon after 800, A. D., and 
over what two kingdoms does he first reign] 

59. What follows] 

60. Who was sovereign of France, Germany, and Italy, at the 
time that Egbert became sole king of England 1 



40 BRITAIN, GERMANY. 

[Ftoiii 500 A. D to 1000 A. D.] 

61. Who succeeds him as the second king of England? 

62. Who ruled the Scots, in Scotland, at this time * 

63. W T hat took place 843, A. D.? 

64. Who began to rule the same year, in Wales ? 

65. Who succeeds Ethel wolf, in "England, 857. A. D. ? 

66. What tooic place the next year ? 

67. Who succeeds Ethel bald 860, A. D. ? 

68. Who succeeds Ethelbert, 866, A. D. ? 

69. Who succeeds Ethel red, and at what date? 

70. What is said of Alfred? 

71. What university did he found, 886, A. D.? 

72. How did Roderic of Wales, divide his dominions at Ms 
death ? 

73. Who became king of Scotland, 875, A. D., and over vhora 
was he victorious] 

74. Who succeeded Alfred, in England, and at what date? 

75. What was his character? 

Edward the Elder, was the son of Alfred, and in all cases in the 
history of England, since the time of Alfred, and of France, sinee 
the time of Charlamagne, it may be understood that the reigning 
sovereign is the son of the preceding king, unless it is stated to the 
contrary. 

76. Who succeeded Edward the elder, and at what date ? 

77. What is said of Athelstan ? 

78. Who succeeded Athels'an, 941, A. D., and what is his 
end in 946? 

79. Who sbeceeded Edmund, and what is said of him? 

80. Who succeeded Edred? 

81. Who succeeded Edwy. 

82. Who succeeded Edgar, and what was his end ? 

83. Who succeeded Edward II.. and what was his character'? 

84. Who became emperor of GERMANY and king of ITALY 
855, A. D., and what is said of him? 

85. Who succeeded Louis II.? Who Charles the Bald? 

86. Who succeeded Charles the Fat, in Germany, and what is 
said of him ? 

87. Who came upon the throne 920, A. D., and what is said 
of him ? 

88. What house begins with Henry the Fowler? 

89. Who succeeds him? 

90. What is said of Otho ? 

91. What did he do 961, A. D.? 

92. What other emperors uprn tha throne previous to 100@ 
i. D.? 



»KRMANV. ITALY. 41 

[From 500 A. D. to 1000 A. D.] 
£»$. Who was upon the throne of Italy 500, A. D. ? 

94. By whom was Rome taken 537, A. D. ? 

95. Whose general was Belisarius? 

96. What followed 546, A. D.? 

97. What followed in 549 and 550? 

98. Who defeated the Goths 553, A. D., and what followed ? 

99. Who came upon the throne, 568, A. D.? 

100. What can you say of the country about 585, A. D. ? 

101. Name some of the kings of Paly, who ruled between 600 
and 750, A. D. 

102. Who began to reign 749, A. D., and what is said of him t 

103. Who succeeded Astolphus ? 

104. About what time was he deposed, and what further *ook 
place at the same time? 

t05. Who came upon the throne 855, A. D. ? 

106. Who succeeded Louis 875, A. D. ? 

107. W T ho succeeded Charles the Bald ? 

108. Who succeeded Carloman? 

109. What took place 889, A. D. ? 

110. W T ho came upon the throne 922, A. D. ? 

111. What did he do 936, A. D. ? 

112. Who succeeded him the same year? 

113. Who succeeded Hugh 950, A. D.? 

114. What took place under him, and at what date ? 

115. Who came upon the throne of the Eastern empire 527, 
A. D.? 

116. For what was he celebrated? 

117. What conquest did Belisarius make 534, A. D. ? 

118. What three years after? 

119. What 549, A. D.? 

120. What took place under Justinian about 535, A. D. ? 

121. Who succeeded Justinian, and what was his character * 

122. Who succeeded Justin II., and what is said of him? 

123. Who succeeded Tiberius II.? 

124. Who succeeded Mauritius? 

125. What did Phocas do 606, A. D. ? 

126. Who succeeds Phocas, and what took place undei his 
reign ? 

127. What edict did Heraclius issue 638, A. D. ? 

128. What took place 670, A. D., and what followed ? 

129. Who came upon the throne 716, A. 1).? 

130. What race begins with him ? 

111'. What edict did he publish 726, A. D. ? 
4 



42 ITALY, PERSIA, 

[From 500 A. D. to 1000 AD.] 

132. Who succeeded Leo III. ? 

133. Who succeeded Constantine V. 1 

134. W'ho succeeded Leo IV.? 

135. Who acted as regent in his minority ? 

136. What part did she take in the question of image worship l 

137. What took place 788, A. D. ? 

133. What great characters were cotemporary with Irene ? 

139. Name some of the emperors that flourished between 802 
and 8G7, A. D. ? 

140. Who came upon the throne 867, A. D., and what is said 
of him 1 

141. To what race did he belong 1 

142. What noted character flourished under him? 

143. Who was at this time upon the throne of England ? 

144. Name some of Basil's successors previous to 963, A. D. ? 

145. W T ho then came upon the throne, and what is said of him 1 

146. Who succeeds Nicephorus Phocas, and what is said of 
him? 

147. What was the state of the empire after his time? 

148. Who came upon the throne of PERSIA 532, A. D., and 
what was his character? 

149. What took place 540, A. D.? 

150. What did (Jhosroes II. afterwards do? 

151. What was the character of his successors? 

152. About what time was Persia subdued by the Saraeens 1 

153. From whom were the Arabians descended ? 

154. W T hat is said of them? 

155. W^hat is said of their early history? 

156. Who were the Saracens? 

157. What great imposter appeared in Arabia soon after 600, 
A. D? 

158. What took place 612, A. D. ? 

159 What 622, A. D. ? 

160 What 627, A. D. ? 

161. Who succeeded him, and what conquest did he make? 

162. Who succeeds Abubeker, and what conquests does he 
make ? 

163. What, event took place 640, A. D. ? 

164. About how long since the foundation of this library, and 
how many volumes did it contain before it was burned by 
Omar? 

165. Who succeeds Omar, and what conquests does he make 1 

1 66. Who succeeded Othman in Arabia, and who ; n Egypt * 



PERSIA, FRANCS, SPAIN. 43 

[From 500 A. D. to 1000 A. D.] 

167. What was the character of AH, and what is said of himl 

168. What house came upon the throne 660, A. D.] 

L69. What unsuccessful attempt did the Saracens make 670, 
A. D.] 

170. What conquests did they complete 712, A. D. ] 

171. What are those Saracens called who settled in Spain? 

172. After conquering Spain, what did they next do] 

173. By whom were they defeated in France, and when ] 

174. Who came upon the throne 754, A. D. ] 

175. What city did he build, and for what] 

116. What was the consequence of this removal of his capital I 

177. What kingdom did the Saracens found in Spain] 

178. To what family did Abderrahman belong] 

179. What is said of him and his successors ] 

180. Who came upon the throne of the Saracen empire 785, 
A. D.] 

181. What was his character, and what is said of him? 

182. What is the period of his reign often styled] 

183. What took place 807, A. D. ] 

184. Who began to reign 813, A. D., and what is said of him ' 

185. What event is mentioned 850, A. D. ] 

186. What followed only 11 years after] 

187. How is the Saracen power again greatly weakened 934, 
A. D.] 

188. Where did the Goths retire upon the invasion of SPAIN 
by the Saracens 712, A. D. ] 

189. Who was at this time Mayor of the Palace, in France] 

190. What kingdom founded in Spain 755] 

191. By whom was it founded, and what is said of him and 
his successors ] 

192. Who founded Candia] 

193. Who came upon the throne of Cordova 822, A. D., and 
what is said of him] 

194. What irruption into Spain during his reign ] 

195. Who were the Norman sea kings, and what is said of 
them ] 

196. Who began to reign 889, A. D., and what is said of him] 

197. What is said of Cordova] 

198. Who began to reign 912, A. D., and what is said of himl 

199. What is said of his reign] 

200. Who began to reign over the Christians (so called) in 
Leon, 914, A. D., and what is said of him] 

201. What age of Spanish history begins here % 



44 SPAIN, CHURCH, ENGLAND 

[From 500 A. D. to 1000 A. D.] 

203. What is said of Almansor, regent under Hixem, sovereign 
of the Moors'? 

204. What is said concerning the CHURCH about 500, A. D. 1 

205. What took place 533, A. D. ? 
20G. What was introduced 550, A. D. ] 

207. What took place 555, A. D. ? 

208. Who became pope or bishop of Rome 590, A. D. 

209. What is said of a concession made by the emperor of the 
East to the bishop of Rome, and at what date! 

210. What took place 607, A. D. ? 

211. What took place in Britain about the same time 1 ? 

212. Name some of the popes of this century] 

213. What event mentioned G80. A. D. ? 

214. What edict by Leo III., 726, A. D. ? 

215. What noted characters flourished in France and England, 
at this time ? 

216. W r hat controversy from this time to 787, A. D. ? 

217. W T ho at this time restored image worship] 

218. What application was made to Stephen II., by Pepin? 

219. What was the decision? 

220. How did Pepin reward the Pope] 

221. What was done by Charlemagne, 774, A. D. ] 

222 What took place 849, A. D. ] 

223 What was generally the character of the popes from thi9 
time onward ] 

224. What served greatly to establish their power? 

Ninth Division, or Second Division of the 
Middle Ages. 

Extends from the central period of the Middle Ages to the 
Reformation, or from 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D. 

1. What nations are represented at the beginning of this 
division] 

2. What event mentioned in the history of ENGLAND, 1002, 
A. D. ? 

3. What took place two years after? 

4. When did Sweyn become king of England ] 

5. Who succeeded him ] 

6. Who succeeded Edmund II., and what is said of him] 

7. Who succeeded Canute the Great] 

8. Who succeeded Harold I., and what was his character? 

9. Who succeeded Canute II., and when ] 

10. What was his character, and what is said of him ' 



ENGLAND. 45 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.] 

11. What race of kings were restored when Edward came 
upon the throne ] 

12. About iiow lonij had the Danish kings reigned 

13. Who succeeded Edward the Confessor] 

14. Who succeeded Harold II., when, and by what means ? 

15. Where was Normandy] [See list of ancient and modern 
names.] 

16. About how long had the Saxon family reigned since they 
were restored ] 

17. What system and language did William introduce] 

18. What family of kings came upon the throne in William 
the Conqueror] 

19. What is said of William 1087, A. D.] 

20. Who succeeded him, and what was his character] 

21. Who succeeded William Rufus, when, and by what 
means] 

22. What is said of the character of Henry the Scholar ] 

23. Into what family did lie marry] 

24. What house afterwards descended from this union of the 
Norman and Saxon families] 

25. What took place 1106, A. D. ] 

26. Who succeeded Henry 1135, A. D. ] 

27. By whom was Stephen opposed] 

28. W T hat battle followed 1140, A. D., and what was the 
result] 

29. What was the condition of England at this time] 

30. What took place two years after the battle of Lincoln 1 

31. Who succeeded Stephen 1154, A. D. ] 

32. What is said of the ability of Henry II. ] 

33. By whom was he opposed ] 

34. W T hat followed 1170, A. D. ] 

35. What 1171, A. D.] 

36. W T hat is said ol Henry's sons] 

37. What is said of Henry, 1174] 

38. Who succeeded Henry II., 1189, A. D.] 

39. Wheru did Richard go 1190, A. D. ] 

40. What city did he aid in capturing from the Saracens 1191* 
A. I). ] 

11. What else did he do the same year] 

42. What happened to him while returning home? 

43. Who succeeded Richard, and when] 

44. What was the character of John ] 

45. What did he do 1213, A. D. ] 

46. What great event took place 1215, A. D. % 

4* 



46 



ENGLAND. 



[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.] 

47. Who succeeded John, and what is said of him ? 

48. What is said of the condition and prosperity of Englan4 
during this century ? 

49. What took place 1258, A. D. ? 

50. What battle 1264, and result ? 

51. What battle the next year, and result ? 

52. What great literary character flourished during the lattei 
part of this century ? 

53 Who succeeded Henry III., and what was his character? 
54. What conquest did Edward I. make 1282, A. D. ? 
65. What is the king's eldest son styled from this time 

56. About how long is this after the conquest of Ireland bv 
Henry II. ? 4 y 

57. What brave opponent did the English meet with in Scot- 
land, about 1300, A. D. ? 

58. In what battle did he defeat them 1297, A. D. ! 

59. What was finally the fate of Wallace, eight years after 
this? 

60. Who succeeded Edward 1., and what was his character? 

61. What great battle followed, and result? 

62. What took place 1321, A. D. ? 

63. Who succeeded Edward II.? 

64. What is said of Edward III., 1337, A. D. ? 

65. What sea fight 1340, A. D., and result? 

66. What battle six years after, and result? 

67. What was there remarkable about this battle ? 

68. What event took place the next year ? 

69. What battle followed ten years after the battle of Cressy, 
and result ? 

70. What noted divine flourished towards the close of this 
eentury, and what is said of him ? 

71. Who succeeded Edward III., and what was his character ? 

72. What noted event took place 4 years after Richard II. 
came upon the throne ? 

73. What celebrated poet flourished about the close of this 
century ? 

74. Who succeeded Richard II., and when! 

75. By what means, and what followed ? 

76. What battle followed 1400, A. D., and result? 

77. What house came to the throne in the person of Henrv 
IV.? 

78. Who succeeded Henrv IV. ? 

79. What battle 1415, A. D., and result? 

80. What took place 1420, A. D.? 



ENGLAND, SCOTLAND. 47 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 AD.] 
61. Who succeeded Henry V.? 

82. What was the condition of France during the reigns of 
Henrys V. and VI., of England. ? 

83. What great heroine obliged the English to raise the siege 
of Orleans ? 

84. What war began 1453, A. D.? 

85. What battle two years after, and result! 
So. What battle 1460, and result] 

87. Who succeeded Henry VI., 1461, A. D., and to what 
ramily did he belong? 

88. What battle followed, and result? 

89. What took place seven years after? 

90. What followed, 1470? 

91. What battle the next year, and result? 

92. VVno came upon the throne 1483, A. D.? 

93. Who succeeded young Edward, after putting him to death ? 

94. Who succeeded Richard III., 1485, A. D., and what is 
Said of him ? 

95. Who came upon ftie throne of SCOTLAND, 1004, A. D., 
and what did he do ? 

96. Who succeeded Malcolm II. ? 

97. Who succeeded Duncan I., and by what means? 

98. Who was reigning in England cotemporary with Macbeth I 

99. Who succeeded Macbeth? 

100. Who reigned in England cotemporary with Malcolm III.? 

101. Who succeeded Malcolm III.? 

102. Who came upon the Scottish throne 1100, A. D.? 

103. Who reigned in England cotemporary with him? 

104. Who succeeded Edgar, 1124, A. D.? 

105. Who succeeded David the Saint? 

106. Who reigned in England cotemporary with him ? 

107. Who succeeded William the Lion, and what was his 
character ? 

103. What caused contentions during his reign? 

109. Who succeeded Alexander II. ? 

110. What is said of the institutions of Scotland at thi* time? 

111. What conquest made by the Scots, 1263, A, D. ? 

112. W T hat contention 1285, A. D. ? 

113. How was the dispute finally settled, 1293, A. D. 1 

114. What battle 1297, A. D., and result? 

115. How long after the battle of Stirling before Sir William 
Wallace was betrayed ? 

1 16. What followed his betrayal into the hands of Edward t 



48 SCOTLAND, FRANCE. 

[From 1000 A. D, to 1500 A. D.] 

117. Who came upon the throne of Scotland the next year! 

118. Who succeeded Edward I., and what was his charactei ( 

119. What battle eight years after Bruce came upon the throne 
and result] 

120. Who came upon the Scottish throne 1329, A. D. ? 

121. Who succeeded him, and what followed? 

122. What took place 1342, A. D. ? 

123. Who was upon the throne of FRANCE, at the beginning 
of this division ? 

124. What family came upon the throne in the person of his 
father ? 

125. What was the condition of France during this and the 
next century ? 

126. What was introduced 1040, A. D., and what was tlr^ 
effect of it? 

127. What took place in the beginning of the next century, 
under Louis VI., and what was the effect? 

128. Who was upon the throne of England, during the last pari 
of the reign of Robert II. ? 

129. Who succeeded Robert II. ? 

130. Who succeeded Henry I. ? 

131. What great baron went from Normandy, in Franc©, to 
England, six years after Philip came upon the throne? 

132. By whom was France invaded, near the close of thj, 
century? 

133. What period of French history begins 1100, A. D.I 

134. Who succeeded Philip I., and what is said of him' 

135. Who reigned cotemporary with him in England ? 

136. What war began 1109, A. D., and what followed I 

137. What battle ten years after, and result? 

138. Who was at this time emperor of Germany? 

139. What took place in France, 1124, A. D. ? 

140. What noted character flourished about this time in France ? 

141. Who succeeded Louis VI., 1137, A. D., and what is said 
of him? 

142. W T hat was the condition of England, during the first part 
of the reign of Louis VII. ? 

143. Who whs upon the throne of England during the last 
twenty-five years of his reign ? 

144. Who succeeded Louis VII., and about what time? 

145. What did Philip do soon after he came upon the throne! 

146. What did he do 1190, A. D.? 

147. What city did he aid in capturing from the Saracens? 



FRANCE . ? 9 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.] 
■148,. What is said of France under Philip Augustus ? 

149. What kings of England reigned cotemporary with him ? 

150. What took place 1216, A. D.? 

151. W~ho succeeded Philip Augustus, and what is said of him ? 

152. W T ho reigned in England, and who in Scotland, cotempo- 
rary with Louis VIII. 1 

153. Who succeeded Louis VIII., 1226, and what was hia 
character ? 

154. W r ho reigned cotemporary with Louis IX., in England, 
and who in Scotland ? 

155. What battle 1242, A. D., and result ? 

156. What did Louis do six years after this battle! 

157. What happened after he had been two years absent? 

158. W T hat took place twenty years after he was taken prisoner 
in Egypt? 

159. Who succeeded Louis IX.? 

160. Who reigned in England cotemporary with Philip III. 1 

161. Who succeeded Philip III., and what was his character? 

162. Who reigned in England cotemporary with Philip the 
Fair? 

163. What contention began in Scotland the same year that he 
came upon the throne, and what heroic characters in Scot- 
land during his reign? 

164. What is said of Philip IV., 1301, A. D.? 

165. What revolt 1303, A. D.? 

166. What was commenced four years after this revolt? 

167. What took place 1314, A. D.? 

168. What other noted event the same year? 

169. How many reigns are included in the next fourteen years ? 

170. Who came upon the throne 1328, A. D. ? 

171. What house came to the throne in the person of Philip VL? 

172. What celebrated character flourished at this time in France? 

173. W'hat defeats did the French meet with towards the close 
of the reign of Philip VI. ? 

174. What is this period of French history called? 

175. W T hat took place 1349, A. D.? 

176. Who succeeded Philip VI., the next year? 

177. By whom was he soon after defeated, and what followed ? 

178. Who succeeded John II. the Good, and what was his 
character ? 

179. What great hero led the forces of Charles V., and with 
what success? 

[ftfl Who succeeded Charles V.. and wnat was his character t 



50 FRANCE, GERMANY. 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. IX] 

181. What wa9 the state of France during the latter part of his 
reign ? 

182. What kings reigned ir England cotemporary with him 1 

183. By whom were the French defeated 1415, A. D., and 
what was the occasion of this war? 

184. What treaty followed five years after, and what were the 
terms of this treaty ? 

185. Who succeeded Charles VI., and about what time! 

186. What events mentioned during the first ten years of his 
reign ? 

187. What event 1436, A. D. ? 

188. W^hat event eight years after! 

189. What is said 1450, A. D. ? 

190. Who reigned in England cotemporary with Charles VII. ? 

191. Who succeeded him? 

192. What was the character of Louis XI., and what is said of 
him? 

193. What took place under his reign ? 

194. Who reigned in England cotemporary with him ? 

195. Wlio succeeded Louis XL? 

196. What is said of him 1491, A. D. ? 

197. What is said of Otho, emperor of GERMANY, 1001, 
A. D.? 

198. Who succeeded him the next year? 

199. What is said of Henry's movements in Italy 1004, A. D.? 

200. Who reigned in France, England, and Scotland, cotempo- 
rary with him ? 

201. Who succeeded him 1024, A. D. ? 

202. What house came upon the German throne, in the person 
of Conrad II. ? 

203. Who reigned in France, England, and Scotland, cotempo* 
rary with him ? 

204. Wlio succeeded him 1039, A. D., and what is said of 
him? 

205. Who reigned cotemporary with him in France, England, 
and Scotland? 

206. Who succeeded him ? 

207. W T hat commenced 1073, A. D.? 

208. What contentions began the same year? 

209. Who was Hildebrand? 

210. What is said of Henry, 1076, A. D., and what followed ? 

211. Who reigned cotemporary with Henry IV., in Franse,, 
England, and Scotland ? 



GERMANY. 54 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.] 
212. Who succeeded Henry IV., and what is said cf him ? 
•213. Did he also become king - of Italy] 
214. Who reigned cotemporary with him in France, England, 

and Scotland? 
5215. Who succeeded Henry V., in Germany and Italy, and 

who reigned cotemporary with him in England, France, and 

Scotland ? 
$16. Who succeeded Lothaire II? 

217. By whom was Conrad III. opposed ? 

218. To what does this give rise, and what follows? 

219. What house came upon the throne, in the person of Con- 
rad III. ? 

220. About how long had the house of Franconia reigned' ? 

221. Who reigned in France, England, and Scotland, cotempo- 
rary with Conrad III.? 

222. W T ho succeeded Conrad III., and what is said of hhr ? 

223. What cities did Frederic I. capture in Italy ? 

224. Who reigned cotemporary with him in France, England, 
and Scotland? 

225. Who succeeded him? 

226. Who reigned cotemporary with Henry VI., in France. 
England, and Scotland? 

227. Who succeeded Henry VI., and what is said of him? 

228. Who reigned cotemporary with Philip, in France, England, 
and Scotland ? 

229. Who had been elected king of Sicily, 1 197, A. D. ? (See 
Italy.] 

230. What is said of him 1212, A. D. ? 

231. What is said of the emperor Frederic II. ? 

232. Who reigned cotemporary with him in France, England, 
and Scotland ? 

233. What famous league formed 1241, A. D., and for what 
purpose? 

234. Who succeeded Frederic II. ? 

235. What was the state of the empire from the time of his 
death to 1273, A. D. ? 

236. Who came upon the throne 1273, A. D., and what is said 
of him? 

237. What house came to the throne in the person of Rodolph I.? 

238. About how long had the house of Suabia held the throne 
oi the empire ? 

239. Who are mentioned in France, England, and Scotland, 
ootemporary with Rodolph ? 



52 GERMANY. 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.| 

240. Who succeeded him 1 ? 

241. Who succeeded Adolphus? 

242. What is said of Albert, and what of his bailiffs ? 

243. What follows, 1307, A. D. ? 

244. Who succeeded Albert I. ? 

245. Who reigned cotemporary with Henry VII., in France, 
England, and Scotland? 

246. Who succeeded him ? 

247. W T hat events mentioned in French and English history 
the same year that Louis V. came upon the throne ? 

248. What sovereigns, of these powers, cotemporary with 
Louis V.? 

249. What invention took place under his reign ? 

250. What event mentioned 1323, A. D. ? 

251. What followed, 1338, A. D. ? 

252. Who succeeded Louis V., of Bavaria 1 ? 

253. Who reigned cotemporary with Charles IV., in France, 
England, and Scotland ? 

254. W^hat did he do seven years after he came upon the throne 
of the empire? 

255. Who was the successor of Charles IV., and what is his 
character ? 

256. Who reigned cotemporary with Winceslaus, in France, 
England, and Scotland ? 

257. Who succeeded Winceslaus, and who reigned cotempo- 
rary in France, England and Scotland ? 

258. Who reigned cotemporary with Robert, count palatine in 
England? 

259. W~ho succeeded him ? 

260. What took place during the reign of Sigismund, 1415 and 
1416, A. D.? 

261. What took place nine years after he came upon the throne 1 

262. W T ho reigned cotemporary with him in France, England, 
and Scotland ? 

263. Who succeeded, 1438, A. D. ? 

264. What house came to the throne in the person of Albert II.' 

265. About how long had the house of Hapsburg reigned ? 

266. Who succeeded Albert II., after a reign of two years? 

267. What great invention about the middle of this century ? 

268. What war six years after Fred. III. came upon the throne ? 

269. Who reigned in France, England, and Scotland, cotempo- 
rary with Fred. III.? 

270. By whom was the empire invaded during his reign? 



GERMANY, PAPAL CHURCH. 53 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.] 
271 What noted writer flourished under his reign 1 

272. Who succeeded Frederic III. ? 

PAPAL CHURCH. 

273. Name some of the popes who ruled between 10 and 1 100* 
A.B.I 

274. What is said of most of them 1 ? 

275. Who became pope 1073? 

27G. What contentions immediately commenced ? 

277. What did he order 1077, A. D. ? 

278. Who reigned cotemporary with him in Germany, France, 
England, and Scotland ? 

279. What is said of the passion for pilgrimage about this 
time ? 

280. How were Christian pilgrims treated by the Mahometans'? 

281. Who came upon the papal throne 1088, A. D. ? 

282. Date of the first crusade excited by the preaching of Petei 
the Hermit ? 

283. What followed the next year ? (See Mahometans.) 

284. What was the result of the siege of Nice? 

285. What city did they next capture? 

286. What followed the capture of Antioch ? 

287. What battle the next year, and result? 

288. What took place 1099, A. D. ? 

289. Who came upon the papal throne this year? 

290. By whom was he taken prisoner? 

291. What council 1123, A. D., and for what purpose? 

292. What is said of scholastic philosophy? 

293. What parties originated in Germany, 1138, A. D., and 
what is said of them ? 

294. With whom was the pope engaged in a contest 1142, A. 
D., and what followed? 

295. How did Louis atone for his crime? 

296. By whom was the second crusade excited, and about what 
time? 

297. Who came upon the papal throne 1159, A. D. ? 

298. Who reigned cotemporary with him in Germany, France, 
England, and Scotland ? 

299. What council called 1178, A. D., and against whom? 

300. Who comes upon the papal throne 1187, A. D., and what 
power is first assumed by him? 

301. Who became pope 1194, A. D. ? 

302. Who reigned cotemporary with him in Germany, France. 
England, and Scotland ? 

5 



54 PAPAL CHURCH, CHURCH IN THE WILDERNESS, ITALY 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.] 

303. What sovereign did he excommunicate? 

304. What sovereign resigned his crown to him? 

305. What institution established by him 1204, A. D. ? 

306. What took place 1201), A. D. ? 

307. What council six years after, and what doctrines were 
established at this council ? 

308. What prohibition introduced 1229, A. D. ? 

309. By whom were the popes at this time opposed ? 

310. What order established 1256, A. D. ? 

311. Who became pope 1294, A. D., and how long was this 
after the election of Innocent III. ? 

312. Who reigned cotemporary with Boniface VIII., in Ger- 
many, France, and England ? 

313. What event 1308, A. D.? 

314. What council three years after, and what was done at this 
council ? 

315. Was there any pope from 1314 to 1316? 

316. What claim did the pope set up in Germany, 1323, A. D.? 

317 What is said of the court of Rome this century ? 

318 What followed in Germany fifteen years after the pope 
claimed the crown of the empire? 

319. What disputes mentioned about this time? 

320. What great reformer appeared about this time in England, 
and what is said of him ? 

J21. How long did the seat of the pope remain at Avignon? 
322. When was it removed to Rome, and what followed ? 
323 What council called 1414, and what followed ? 

324. What great German reformers burned by this council ? 

325. What rites established 1438, A. D. ? 

326. What is said of the history of the CHURCH IN THE 
WILDERNESS, after the establishment of the inquisition? 

327. Who was Reinerius ? 

328. When was he sent against the Waldenses? 

329. What does he say of them ? 

330. What is said of their doctrines ? 

331. What was the condition of ITALY, during the first forty 
years of this division? 

332. What cities become important about the beginning of this 
division ? 

333. What were their governments ? 

334. When were they founded ? 

335. By what are they greatly enriched ? 

336. W 7 ho became king of Italy 1003, and what followed ? 



ITALY, MAHOMETANS. 55 

[From 1000 A*. D. to 1500 A. DJ 

837. What took place the next year ? 

838. What conquest made in Italy, 1041, A. D., and by whom? 

339. Who was the first duke? 

340. Who succeeded William, as duke? 

341. Who came upon the throne of Italy, 1106, A. D. ? 

342. What study revived about the middle of this century? 

343. Who invaded Italy several times towards the last of this 
century ? 

344. What cities did he capture ? 

345. What peace 1183, and what is said of it? 

346. Who came upon the throne of Sicily, 1197, A. D., and 
what is said of him ? 

347. What two powers were several times at war this century ? 

348. Who came upon the throne of the Sicilies, 1265, A. D., 
and what is said of him ? 

349. What noted divine flourished towards the last of this 
century ? 

350. What massacre took place 1282, A. D. ? 

351. Who at this time added Sicily to his dominions? (See 
Arragon.) 

352. Who at this time reigned in Germany, France, England, 
and Scotland ? 

353. What remarkable invention soon after in Italy, and date ? 

354. What is said of the condition and prosperity of Italy, this 
century? 

355. What celebrated poet flourished in the early part of this 
century ? 

356. What two noted literary characters soon after the middle 
of the century ? 

357. W T hat celebrated house gained the ascendency in Florense, 
towards the last of this century? 

358. What is said of this city soon after? 

359. What was the state of Italy during the next century? 
3G0. Who began to rule in Florence, 1429, A. D., and who in 

1466? 

361. What wars mentioned in Italy, this century? 

362. What literature was much cultivated in Italy by the mid- 
dle of this century ? 

363. Into what other countries was it soon after introduced? 

364. What celebrated scholars flourished among the MAHOM- 
ETANS, at the beginning of this division? 

365. What improvement introduced by the Saracens into En 
rope, about 1000, A. D. * 



56 MAHOMETANS, MOGUL TARTARS. 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.] 

366. When was Bagdad taken from the Saracen's by the Turks' 

367. What is said of the power of the caliphs, from this time? 

368. How many Turkish sultauries were erected between 1055 
and 1080, A. D. ? 

869. What took place 1065, A, D. ? 

370. W T hat is said of Christian pilgrims to Jerusalem, towards 
the last of this century ? 

371. What tremendous wars followed, and what was the objeet 
of these wars ? 

372. When was Jerusalem finally rescued from the Mahome- 
tans? 

373. Who led the Turks, when they were defeated at the siega 
of Nice? 

374. Who defeated the Turks, 1098, A. D., and what was th© 
number of their army ? 

375. When wa9 the second crusade proclaimed against the 
Mahometans ? 

376. What European sovereigns led armies against them ? 

377. What was the fate of these armies? 

378. W T hat is said of the power of the crusaders, 1150, A. D. ? 

379. What did the second crusade cost Europe? 

380. Who became sultan of Egypt, 1171, A. D.,and what was 
his character ? 

381. What countries did he subdue? 

382. What conquest did he make, 1187, A. D.? 

383. What sovereigns headed the third crusade, and what city 
did they take 1191, A. D.? 

384. What is further mentioned the same year ? 

385. What took place at the death of Saladin? 

386. Who soon after conquered Egypt, and about how lonf did 
they rule ? 

387. Who were the Mamelukes originally ? 

388. What conquest did they make 1268, A. D. ? 

389. What city did they capture 1291, A. D., and what king- 
dom ended here? 

390. What great sovereign of the MOGUL TARTARS, had a 
short time before this, ravaged Asia? 

391. What conquests did he make previous to entering Persia? 

392. At what date did he enter Persia, and how long was he 
in subjecting it? 

393. In what direction did he next march ? 

394. How was bis kingdom divided at his death ' 

395. What did his empire include? 



MO&tJL TARTARS, TARTARS, TURKS. 57 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.] 
8SH5. W.rat is said of Ougtai Khan, one of his successors \ 

397. What is said of Batu Khan ? 

398. In what great battle did he defeat the Poles? 

399. What was the cause of the decline of the Mogul power ? 

400. Who founds the new empire of the TARTARS ? 

401. What is said of his family ? 

402. About how long after Genghis' invasion of Persia, befor* 
Tamerlane founds his empire? 

403. What is said of him 1384, A. D. ? 

404. What does he do 1393, A. D.? 

405. What is said of him three years after this ? 

406. What 1398, A. D.? 

407. What took place 1402, A. D.? 

408. In what battle did he defeat the Turks ? 

409. What was the cause of the destruction of his empire ? 

410. What did his empire include ? 

411. Who founded the new empire of the TURKS, and when ? 

412. Who succeeded Othman, and what did he make his 
capital ? 

413. What conquests did he make 1330-31, A. D.? 

414. Whom did he marry? 

115. Who was John Cantacusenus? (See Eastern Empire.) 

416. Who succeeded Orchan ? 

417. What is said of him two years after he came upon the throne? 

418. Who succeeded Amurath I.? 

419. What took place 1390, A. D? 

420. With what other great conqueror did Bajazet come in 
contact? 

431.NWhat great battle, when, and what was the result? 

422. What was the state of Turkey, ten years after this battle? 

423. Wb>> then came upon the throne ? 

424. Who succeeded Mahomet I. ? 

425. What attempt did Amurath II. make 1422, A. D. ? 

426. Who succeeded Amurath II. ? 

427. What great event took place two years after he came upon 
the throne, and what was the date of this event? 

428. What privileges were granted to the citizens? 

429. W r hat further conquests were made by Mahomet II. ? 

430. Who succeeded Mahomet II., and what is said of him? 

EASTERN, OR GREEK EMPIRE. 

431. Mention some ot th@ sovereigns that flourished between 
10 and 1100, A. D. 

5* 



68 EASTERN EMPIRE, POLAND. 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.l 

432. What event took place 105-1, A. D. ? 

433. Who came upon the throne 1081, A. D. ? 

434. What is said of the state of the empire about the elose of 
this century ? 

435. Who was upon the throne at the time of the first crusade 1 

436. What is said of the empire during the next century ? 

437. Who ascended the throne 1118, A. D., and what was hi* 
character 1 ? 

438. Who succeeded him 1143, A. D., and with whom does 
he war ? 

439. Who ascended the throne 1204, A. D. ? 

440. About how long did Constantinople remain subject to the 
French or Latin emperors ? 

441. Who ascended the throne on their expulsion 1261, A. D.l 

442. Who succeeded Michael Paleologus? 

443. What took place the year before he came to the throne 1 

444. What event is mentioned 1310, A. D. ? 

445. What 1320, A. D., and what followed ? 

446. Who succeeded Andronicus II. 1 

447. Who succeeded Andronicus the Younger? 

448. Who acted as regent? 

449. What is afterwards said of the condition of the empire? 

450. By whom was Constantinople besieged 1422, A. D.? 

451. When, and by whom, was it finally captured ? 

452. Who was the first king of POLAND, and what is said 
of him? 

453. By whom was Poland governed previous to 1000, A. D. ? 

454. Who ascended the throne 1079, A. D. ? 

455. Who succeeded him 1102, A. D. ? 

456. Who succeeded Boleslaus III., and what took place under 
his reign? 

457. W T ho succeeded Ladislaus II.? 

458. Who ascended the throne 1178, and what is said of him ? 

459. By whom were the Poles, together with the Teutonic 
order and dukes of Silesia, severely defeated 1241, A. D. ? 

460. With whom did the Poles have severe contests during the 
early part of the next century ? 

461. Who came to the throne 1333, A. D., and what is said 
of him? 

462. What warlike people were subjected during his reign? 

463. Who succeeded Cassimir III.? 

464. Who succeeded Louis the Great? 

465. What house came to the throne in the person of Ladislaus V.? 



POLAND, SWEDEN, DENMARK. 59 

[From 10G0 A. D, to 1500 A. D.] 

466. What event took place the next year? 

467. What sovereigns of the powers that have been mentioned 
flourished at this time? 

468. What is said of Ladislaus V., 1411, A. D. ? 

469. Who succeeded Ladi9laus V., and what took place under 
his reign? 

470. What war 1454—66, A. D. ? 

471. What peace 1466, and what were the terms? 

472. Who ascended the throne 1492, A. D. ? 

473. What is said of the early history of SWEDEN? 

474. About what time was Christianity introduced into Sweden 
and Denmark ? 

475. Who were contending for dominion between 11 and 1200, 
A. D.? 

476. What took place about 1250, A.B.I 

477. What about 1275, A. D. ? 

478. What conquest was scon after made ? 

479. Who came to the throne 1363, A. D. ? 
430. What is said of him five year3 after? 

481. Who came to the throne of Sweden, 1388, A. D. ? 

482. What followed, 1397, A. D.? 

483. What wer6 the terms of that union ? 

484. About what time were these kingdoms again separated, 
and who then ascended the Swedish throne ? 

485. About what time were they again united ? 

486. Who was king of DENMARK, 1000, A. D. ! 

487. When did he invade England the second time, and when 
become king? 

488. Who succeeded Sweyn, and what is said of him? 

489. Whc succeeded Canute IT. ? 

490. What followed ? 

49J. Who were at this time sovereigns of Germany, France, 
England, and the E. Empire? 

492. What is said of the condition of Denmark? 

493. What event mentioned 1105, A. D. ? 

494. Who ascended the throne 1157, A. D., and what is said 
of him? 

495. Who reigned, coternporary with Waldemar I., over tke 
principal powers that have been named ? 

496. Who ascended the throne 1203, A. D., and what is sa ; d 
of him? 

497. What took place 1243, A. D. ? 



60 DENMARK, SPAIN. 

[From 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D.] 
198. What new representations in parliament, 1280, A. D. ? 

499. Who was upon the throne 1368, A. D. ? 

500. Who then leagued against hiin, and what followed? 

501. Who ascended the throne 1387, A. D., and what is said 
of her] 

502. What took place 1397, A. D. ? 

503. Who were the principal sovereigns that have been nametf 
cotemporary with Margaret] 

504. What house came to the throne 1448, A. D. ? 

505. What is said of the Mahometans in SPAIN, after 1000 
A. D. ? 

506. What saved them from being driven from its borders? 

507. Who became king of Spain about 1000, A. D.? 

508. In how many divisions did he leave his dominions ? 

509. Who had Castile ? 

510. What addition did he soon after make to his kingdom, 
and how ? 

511. Who succeeded him? 

512. What knightly hero flourished under Alphonso VI., and 
what is said of him ? 

513. Name some of the principal characters eotemporary with 
Alphonso VI. ? 

514. Who succeeded him, and whom did she marry ? 

515. With whom did she make war? 

516. Who succeeded her, and what is said of him? 

517. Who became king of Castile 1158, A. D., and what is 
said of him ? 

518. What took place 1236, A. D. ? 

519. Who came to the throne 1252, A. D., and what is said 
of him? 

520. What prominent characters flourished cotemporary with 
him? 

521. What is said of Ferdinand IV., soon after 1300? 

522. What facts mentioned during the reign of Alphonso XI. ? 

523. Who succeeded Alphonso XL, when, and what followed 1 

524. After having been driven from his throne, by whom was 
he restored ? 

525. What struggles in Italy about this time ? 

526. Who ascended the throne 1406, A. D. ? 

527. Who governed John, and what followed ? 

528. Who was appointed the successor of the next king? 

529. With what people were the kings of Castile and Leon 
often at war during this division ? 



SPAIN, ENGLAND. 6] 

LFrom 1000 A. D. to 1500 A. D,] 

530. With whom were the kings of Arragon often at war during 
the same time ? 

531. What took place 1479, A. D.] What kingdom com- 
mences here] 

532. What great events took place soon after, and date? 

533. What was the origin of the kingdom of PORTUGAL? 

534. W T ho succeeded Henry, as count] 

535. What is said of Alphonso II., 1129, A. D.] 
53G. Who ascended the throne 1279, A. D.] 
637. Who came upon the throne 1385, A. D. ] 

538. What took place during his reign 1 

539. Who ascended the throne 1438, A. D., and what disco- 
veries made during his reign] 

540. What is said of the report of these discoveries] 

541. Who succeeded Alphonso V., the African] 

542. What further discoveries took place, and date? 

Tenth Division, or Division of Light; 

Extends from 1500 A. D., or from the Reformation to the 
present time. 

1. Who was upon the throne of ENGLAND, at the begin- 
ning of this division? 

2. Who succeeded Henry VII., when, and at what age.] 

3. What is said of his character] 

4. Who w r as upon the throne of Scotland, at the beginning 
of this division] 

5. What battle 1513, and result] 

6. What title did Henry receive, from whom, and for what? 

7. What took place 1533, A. D. ] 

8. What was the fate of Anne Boleyn] 

9. How many wives had Henry V1IL? 

10. What is said of Henry, after opposing the reformation 
twenty years ] 

11. Who succeeded Henry VIII., and what was his character? 

12. What is said of him] 

13. What religious denomination founded during his reign, 
and at what date ] 

14. How long did Edward VI. reign? 

15. Who succeeded him, and when? 

16. What is Mary styled, and what is said of her? 

17. What followed fhe next year] 

18. What persecutions during his reign? 



62 ENGLAND. 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

19. Who succeeded Mary, and when'? 

20. What is said of the reign of Elizabeth 1 ? 

21. What took place 15G4, A. D.] 

22. What 1585, A. D.] 

23. What 1586, and what the next year? 

24. What victory over the Spanish 1588, A. D. ? 

25. What took place eight years after this ] 

26. What took place 1603, A. D. ] 

27. Who succeeded James IV., in Scotland ] 

28. Who ruled during his minority] 

29. Who succeeded James V., and at what age ] 

30. Where was she sent to receive her education, and what 
followed ] 

31. Who urged on the reformation in Scotland ? 

32. What took place 1560, A. D.] 

33. Whom did Mary marry 1565, A. D., and what took place 
two years after] 

34. What the next year ? 

35. What university founded by James VI. ] 

36. When did James succeed to the throne of England 

37. Was he still called James VI. of England] 

38. What union took place on this event] 

39. What House came to the throne of England, in the person 
of James VI. of Scotland, and I. of England ] 

40. About how long had the House of Tudor occupied the 
throne ] 

41. Name some of the great characters who flourished during 
his reign, and the latter part of the reign of Elizabeth ] 

42. What event noticed two years after James came to the 
throne of England] 

43. What important translation made during his reign] 

44. Who succeeded James I., and when ] 

45. What was the character of Charles I. ] 

46. W T hat took place the same year that he came upon the 
throne ] 

47. What discovery about this time, and by whom] 

48. What took place 1630, A. U. ] 

49. What event mentioned eleven years after this ] 

50. What the next year after the execution of Staffo'd l 

51. What battles followed ] 

52. What event the next year after these battles] 

53. What battle 1645, A. D., and result? 

54. What events 1649, A. D. ] 

55. What battle 1651, A. D., and result] 



ENGLAND. t)3 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

56. What does Cromwell do 1653, A. D. ? 

57. What war followed soon after? 

58. What event of this war mentioned ? 

59. Who succeeded Oliver Cromwell, and what did he do 
after a short reign ? 

60. What, event 1660, A. D. ? 

61. Against what power was war declared four years afteT 
Charles II. came upon the throne ? 

62 What great poet flourished during the reign of Cromwell 
and of Charles II. 1 

63. What pretended conspiracy 1678, A. D., and what fol- 
lowed ? 

64. What plot five years after this, and what followed ? 

65. Who succeeded Charles II., 1685, A. D., and what was 
his character 1 ? 

66. What is further said of him and his court 1 

67. What act passed two years after he came upon the throne 1 

This act, passed by parliament, provides that every prisoner shall 
be brought before a judge, and the cause of his detainer certified, 
when the judge is bound to release him, if the cause of his imprison- 
ment is insufficient or illegal. 

68. W T hat great event took place the next year, and date? 

69. What is this event styled ? 

70. What office did William fill before he became king. 
(See Holland.) 

71. What period of English history begins here. 

72. After James had returned to Ireland, where he was ac- 
knowledged king, what followed 1691, A. D. ? 

73. What noted characters flourished about 1700, A. D. 

74. Who succeeded William, and when? 

75. What great war embroiled Europe at this time, and fof 
what was it undertaken. (See France and Spain ) 

76. What conquest made from Spain, 1704, A. D., and by 
whom ? 

77. What three battles mentioned between 1704 and 1709, 
and result? 

78. What is this war called in American history. (See 
America-) 

79. What peace 1713, and what possessions ceded by France 
lo Gieat Britain, by this treaty ? 

80. Who succeeded Anne, and when? 

81. What House came to the throne in the person of George 1.? 

82. What event the next year? 

83. What straage proceeding referred to 1719, A. D. ? 



64 ENOLAKD. 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1800 A. D-] 
The avewed object of the proposers of this scheme was t» e&nsoU- 
date the national debt. This was to be done by making the South 
Sea company the sole public creditor. Stocks belonging to ihe com- 
pany sold for many times their value ; the government and Bank of 
England became deeply involved; next year " the bubble burst;" 
immense fortunes were made by some, while multitudes were ruined. 
Several individuals were punished by parliament as projectors of tk« 
fraud. 

84. Who succeeded George I., and when! 

85. What war commenced, twelve years after he came to the 
throne ! 

86. What took place 1745, A. D. ! 

87. What battles followed, and result ! 

88. What war soon after, and when did it begin, and whst 
was its cause ! 

89. Who succeeded George II., and when] 

90. What important event mentioned the same year! 

91. By whom had Quebec been taken the year previous ! 
(See America.) 

92. What is this war called in American history! 

93. How did this close, and when] 

94. What events mentioned in English history, two years 
after.] xT 

95. What followed the extension of the stamp act to North 
America] (See America.) 

96. What took place during the next two years! 

97. What was the effect of this renewal of duties! 

98. What followed, 17G8, A. D.! 

99. WTiat 1770, and what 1773, A. D.! 

100. What events mentioned 1774, A. D. ! 

101. Mention some of the principal events that transpired during 
the next nine years. 

102. When did the American Colonies declare independence! 

103. When was their independence acknowledged by England ! 

104. Mention some of the principal statesmen of Great Britain, 
during the last half of this century ! 

105. Wltat other noted literary characters flourished ! 

106. What great revolution agitated Europe about the close of 
this century ! 

107. What naval victory gained by the British, 1794, A. D. 1 
103. What 1797 and 98, A. D.] . 

109. What rebellion in 1799! 

110. What followed the next year, and what in 1803 ! 

111. What great naval victory gained by the English, 1805 
A.D.! 



ENGLAND. 65 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 a. D.] 

1 12. Whose ministry succeeded on Pitt's death, 1806? 

113. What other great statesman died the same year? 

114. What ministry succeeded the next year? 

115. What important act passed by parliament this year? 

116. What war declared] 

117. With whom was peace made the next year 1 ? 

118. What ministry succeeded, 1810, A. D. ? 

119. What is said of the middle and lower classes from 1813 
to 1830? 

120. What event took place 1811, A. D.? 

121. What war began 1812, and with what enemy was peace 
made the same year ? 

122. When was peace made with the United States, and when 
with France? 

123. Who succeeded George III., and when? 

124. Who acted as first ministers under George IV. ? 

125. Who succeeded George IV. ? 

126. Who acted as first ministers during his reign? 

127. Who succeeded William IV.? 

123. What event mentioned the same year? 

129. Who was upon the throne of FRANCE at the beginning 

of this division, and what is said of him? 

130. What league formed in Italy against the French, 1510, 
A. D.? 

131. With whom were the French at this time contending in 
Italy, and for what? 

132. How long did this contention last, and what was the result? 

133. W T ho reigned in France during this struggle, and who in 
Spain? 

134. Who reicrned in England and Scotland cotemporary with 
Louis XII. ? 

135. Who succeeded Louis XII., and what was his character? 

136. What event mentioned five years after Francis I. came 
upon the throne ? 

137. With whom did he engage in war the next year? 
133. What battle 1525, A D., and result? 

139. Who reigned cotemporary with Francis, in England and 
Scotland? 

140. Who succeeded Francis I.? 

141. What great theologian flourished during his reign? 

142. Who reigned cotemporary with Henry III., in England 
and Scotland ? 

143. Who succeeded Henry II., and what is said ef him? 



66 FRANCE. 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

144. Who reigned in England and Scotland cotemporary with 
Francis II. ? 

145. Who succeeded Francis II. and when? 

146. What other events mentioned this year? 

147. Who reigned in England and Scotland cotemporary with 
Charles IX. ? 

148. What event mentioned towards the close of his reign, and 
at what date ? 

149. Who succeeded Charles IX., and what was his character ? 

150. What event mentioned the next year? 

151. Who reigned in England and Scotland cotemporary with 
Henry III. ? 

152. Who succeeded Henry III., and what was his character? 

153. What house came to the throne in the person of Henry 
IV? 

154. What is said of Henry IV., 1590, A. D. ? 

155. What, three years after ? 

156. What event mentioned 1598, A. D. ? 

157. By what great statesman was Henry IV. aided, and what 
is said of his reign ? 

158. What put a stop to his reign ? 

159. Who reigned in England and Scotland cotemporary with 
Henry IV. ? 

160. Who succeeded Henry IV. ? 

161. What event mentioned 1627, A. D. ? 

162. Who acted as prime minister during the last eighteen 
years of the reign of Louis XIII. ? 

163. What other noted characters flourished during his reign? 

164. Of what war was Germany at this time the theatre? 

165. After waging war against the protestants in France, with 
whom did Kichelieu unite in this war? 

166. What change in Italy about this time? (See Italy.) 

167. Who reigned in England cotemporary with Louis XIII. ? 

168. Who succeeded Louis XIIL, and at what age? 

169. What victories gained during the first three years of his 
reign ? 

170. What claim did he institute 1667, A.D.? 

171. What war followed ? « 

172. What nation joined Holland? 

173. What was the condition of France, at the close of this 
war? 

174. What event unfortunate for France, 1685, A. D., and what 
followed ? 

175. How many protestants fled to Prussia, and what is said 
of them ? (See Prussia.) 



FRANCE. 67 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 
1 76. What war followed soon after, and date? 
!77. How were the powers of Europe divided ? 

178. Who were generally successful ? 

179. What was the cause of this war? (See Spain.) 

180. Mention some of the battles fought, and result. (.See Eng.) 

181. Who headed the German forces in Italy, and with what 
success? (See Italy.) 

182. What peace 1713, A. D., and what possessions did France 
then surrender to England ? 

183. What peace the next year between France and the Ger- 
man Empire? (See Germany. 1 ) 

184. What prominent literary characters flourished in France 
during the reign of Louis XIV.? 

185. What sovereigns and literary characters in England co- 
temporary with him ? 

186. Who succeeded Louis XIV. ? 

187. What schemes in Spain, 1717, A. D.? (See Spam.) 

188. What followed the next year? 

189. With whom was war declared 1733, A. D. ? 

190. What peace five years after ? 

191. What war soon after embroils the principal powers of 
Europe ? See Germany. 

192. When does it begin, and end, and by what peace is it 
closed ? 

193. What victories did the French gain during this war? 

194. What war began eight years after the peace of Aix-la- 
Chapelle? 

195. What was the cause of this war? (See England.) 

196. What is thi3 war called in American history? (See 
America.) 

197. What alliance did the French make this year, and against 
whom was it directed ? 

198. What war had commenced this year? (See Prussia.) 

199. What took place 1760, A. D.? 

200. What took place the next year? (See Spain.) 

201. By what peace was the war closed, and when? 

202. What noted writers flourished during the reign of Louia 
XV.? 

203. What sovereigns and prominent literary characters in 
England, cotemporary with Louis XV.? 

204. Who succeeded Louis XV. ? 

205. What war began between England and America, soon 
after Louis XVI. came to the throne ? 

206. By what peace was the war closed 1783, A. D. % 



68 FRANCE. 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

207. What had from the first been the situation of Louis XVI ' 

208. What took place 1789, A. D.? 
209 What the next year ? 

210. What in 17921 

211. What events mentioned 1793, A. D.? 

212. What was the union that took place between the principal 
powers of Europe this year, called ? (See Portugal.) 

213. By whom was the French fleet defeated 17941 (Seo 
England ) 

214. What battle fought soon after Napoleon was appointed 
to the command of the army in Italy, and result ? (See Italy.) 

215. What took place in Italy, 1802, A. D. ? 

216. By what celebrated admiral was the French fleet defeated 
1798 and 1805, A. D., and in what battles? 

217. What celebrated victories did Napoleon gain 1798 and 
1799, A. D.? (See Turkey.) 

218. What one 1800, A. D.? (See Germany^ 

219. When was he crowned emperor of France] 

220. What noted victory did he gain over the emperors of 
Austria and Russia, 1805, A. D. ? (See Austria.) 

221. In what battle did he defeat the Prussians, 1806, A. D.? 
(.See Prussia.) 

222. Whom did he make king of Naples this year, and who 
of Holland ? 

223. What confederation did he form this year ? (See Germany.) 

224. What peace next year with Prussia and Russia ? (See 
Russia.) 

225. Whom did Napoleon make king of Spain, on his invasion 
of that country 1808, A. D. ? 

226. In what two battles did he defeat the Austrians the next 
year, and what peace followed ? (See Austria.) 

227. What took place 1812, A. D. ? 

228. What great battle mentioned Sept. 7 ? (See Russia.) 

229. How long after this before the French enter Moscow, and 
in what condition did they find it? 

230. What followed, Oct. 18? 

231. After his disastrous campaign to Russia, what great battle 
followed, 1813, A. D., and result? 

232. What followed ? 

233. Who headed the allies when they entered Paris ? (See 
Russia.) 

234. Who was placed upon the throne on the banishment of 
Napoleon to Elba ? 

835. What was the character of Louis XIII ? 



FRANCE, GERMAN EMPIRE. 69 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

236. Wnat great battle followed on the return of Napoleon 
from Elba, 1815, and what was the result? 

237. What followed in July ] 

238. Who succeeded Louis XVII. ] 

239. What took place 1830, A. D. ] 

240. Who succeeded Charles X.! 

241. Who was upon the throne of the GERMAN EMPIRE at 
the beginning of this division 1 ? 

242. What prominent literary character flourished under his 
reign] 

243. What great reformer, and when did he begin the reforma- 
tion] 

244. Who was pope at this time, and who were the sovereigns 
of France and England ] 

245. Who became emperor of Germany two years after Luther 
began the reformation ] 

246 What events mentioned 1521, A. D. ] 

247. What is said of Luther the next year] 

248 What conquests did Charles V. make in 1527 and 1535] 

249. What took place 1529, A. D.] 

250. What proportion of the Germans were protestant by 1536 ] 

251. What victory did Charles gain 1547, A. D. ] 

252. What 1556] 

253. Who succeeds Charles V., in Germany ] 

254. Who reigns in France and England cotemporary with 
Ferdinand I. ] 

255. Who succeeds Ferdinand I., and what is said of him] 

256. Who reigns in England and France cotemporary with 
Maximilian II.] 

257. Who succeeds him, and with whom does he carry on war ? 

258. What does he publish soon after 1600, A. D., and what 
is their effect ] 

259. Who reigns in England and France cotemporary with. 
Rodolph II. 

260. Who succeeds Rodolph II.] 

261. Who reigns in England and France cotemporary with 
him] 

262. Who succeeds Matthias, and what is said of him ] 

263. When did the thirty years' war begin] 

264. What took place 1620, A. D. ] 

265. What league 1626, A. D. ] 

266. Who was Gustavus Adolphus] 

267. What victories did he gain in Germany ? 

6* 



70 GERMAN EMPIRE, 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

268. What treaty 1635, and on what condition'? 

269. What sover ugns and literary characters in England and 
France during this war ] 

270. What was the effect of this war on Prussia? 

271. Who succeeded Ferdinand II. ] 

272. What peace finally concluded this war, and when] 

273. What is said of the peace of Westphalia] 

274. Who succeeded Ferdinand III.] 

275. What league 1687, A. D. ] 

276. What sovereigns and great literary characters in Eng k and 
and France, cotemporary with Leopold ] 

277. Who succeeded Leopold I.] 

278. What noted philosopher flourished during his reign] 

279. What was the state of Europe during his reign] 

280. What is said of prince Eugene, the leader of his forces, 
1706, A. D. ] (See Italy.) 

281. Who were reigning in England and France during his 
reign ] 

282. Who succeeded Joseph I. ] 

283. What peace soon after, and what were the conditions ] 

284. What does he do 1720, A. D., and what follows] 

285. Who succeeded Charles VI., and by whose aid was he 
elected ] 

286. Who succeeded Charles VII., and by whose aid was he 
elected ] 

287. When did the war of the Austrian succession begin, and 
' end ] 

288. How was this war terminated ] 

289. What celebrated church historian flourished during this 
war] 

290. Who became co-regent with Francis I., 1765, A. D. ] 

291. What is said of literature, and literary characters, in Ger- 
many, at this time] 

292. What followed on the death of Maria Theresa ] 

293. Who reigned in England and France, cotemporary with 
Joseph II. ] 

294. Who succeeded Joseph II. ] 

295. Who reigned in England cotemporary with Leopold II. 1 

296. What event mentioned 1793, A. D- ] 

297. What peace followed 1797, A. D., after the invasions of 
the French, and what were the terms of that treaty ] 

298. What battle menticned 1800, A. D., and result] 

299. What peace the next year ] 

301. What event mentioned 1803, A. D ! 



GERMAN EMPIRE, PRUSSIA. 71 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

302. What 1804, A. D.? 

303. What battle 1805, A. D., and result, and what peace fol- 
lowed ? 

304. What confederation 1806 to 1813 ? 

305. On Bonaparte's invasion of Russia, 1812, A. D., what 
part did the Austrians take? 

306. With whom did they declare war, after his invasion ? 

307. In what great battle was Napoleon soon after overthrown? 
(See France.) 

308. What congress of the European powers, 1814, A. D.? 

309. What took place in Germany, 1816, A. D. ? 

310. When was PRUSSIA erected into a duchy, and by whom? 

311. Under what nation did Albert hold Prussia as a fief? 

312. What other important event noticed here? 

313. Who administered the government of Prussia during the 
first part of the next century ? 

314. What effect had the thirty years' war upon Prussia? 

315. Who obtained the government of Prussia, 1640, A. D., 
and from whom did he receive it? 

316. W T hat took place at the peace of Westphalia? 

317. What event, fortunate for Prussia, took place 1685, A. D.1 

318. Who reigned in Germany, France, and England, cotem- 
porary with Frederic William the Great? 

319. Who succeeded Frederic William as duke? 

320. What followed, 1701, A. D. ? 

321. What sovereigns and literary characters in Germany, 
France, and England, cotemporary with Frederic I. ? 

322. In what war was Europe involved during his reign ? 

323. Who succeeded Frederic I. ? 

324. What is said of Frederic William I. ? 

325. What of his army? 

326. What was the state of the country under Frederic 1., and 
Frederic William I. ? 

327. What sovereigns in England, France, and Germany, 
cotemporary with Frederic William I.? 

328. Who succeeded Frederic William I., and what was his 
character ? 

329. What war was carried on during his time, and when did 
it begin and end ? 

330. What conquest did he make from Austria? 

331. W^hat was the result of this war upon Prussia? 

332. What war soon after, and when did it begin? 
333 What was the cause of the seven years' war * 



72 PRUSSIA, PAPAL COURCH, ITALY. 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

334. What powers were united in this war against Prussia ? 

335. What took place 1772, A. D. ? 

336. What sovereigns and noted characters in England, France, 
and Germany, eotemporary with Frederic II. ? 

337. Who succeeded Frederic II. ? 

338. W T ho reigned in England, France, and Germany, eotem- 
porary with Frederic William II. ? 

339. Who succeeded Frederic William II. ? 

340. What war began soon after he came to the throne ? 

341. In what great battle was he defeated ? 

342. What followed, 1812, A. D. ? 

343. What took place at the congress of Vienna? 

344. What, 1815, A. D.? 

345. What noted pope began to reign over the PAPAL 
CHURCH, 1503, A. D. ? 

346. What league formed by him, and for what purpose ? (See 
Italy.) 

347. Who was pope at the time Luther began the reformation 1 

348. What did he do, 1520, A. D.? 

349. W T hat took place, 1540, A. D. ? 

350. What council, 1545, A. D. ? 

351. For what was the pontificate of Gregory XIII. remarkable ! 

352. Who became pope, 1769, A. D., and what is said of 
him ? 

353. Who succeeded Clement XIV. ? 

354. What followed, 1798, A. D. ? 

355. Who succeeded Pius VI., and what is said of him, 1809, 
A. D.? 

356. What took place, 1814, A. D. ? 

357. What is said of the efforts of the Roman Catholics, since 
the restoration of the Jesuits ? 

358. What was going on in ITALY, from 1500 to 1540? 

359. What league, 1510, A. D., and for what purpose? 

360. What noted writer flourished about this time? 

361. How did the contest between the French and Spanish in 
Italy, end ? 

362. What duchy established, 1579, A. D. ? 

363. What noted philosopher mentioned in Italy, during the 
early part of the next century ? 

364. What war between 1628 and 1631, A. D.? 

365. What follows? 

366. When were the French driven out of Italy, and by whom ' 

367. What war was at this time raging in Europe? 



ITALY, SPAIN. 73 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

368. Who were at this time the sovereigns of England, France, 
Germany, and Prussia? 

369. What conquest made in Italy, 1744 — 45, A. D. ? 

370. What war among the European powers at this time] 

371. What was the state of Italy, after this war ] 

372. What battle soon after Napoleon was appointed to the 
command of the army in Italy] 

373. What republic founded the next year] 

374. What republic, 1802, A. D. ] 

375. What followed, 1805, A. D.? 

376. Who were upon the throne of SPAIN, at the beginning 
of this division] 

377. What great discovery had just been made under the^r 
protection, by whom, and when ] 

378. What important conquest the same year? 

379. What event mentioned 1501, A. D. T 

380. What followed the death of Isabella, 1505, A. D. ] 

381. Who succeeded to the throne on the death of Ferdinand * 

382. What relation was Charles to Isabella] 

383. At what date, and at what age, did he ascend the throne] 

384. To what throne was he soon after elected, and what was 
he styled ? 

385. What claim had he to the German throne ] See Germany.) 

386. What great reformation during his reign] 

387. What conquests in America by the Spaniards ] 

388. What house came upon the Spanish throne, in the person 
of Charles V.] 

389. What is said of the comparative influence of Spain, 
towards the close of his reign ] 

390. In what struggle was Spain engaged in Italy, during what 
time, and what was the result] 

391. What did Charles do after a reign of forty years? 

392. Wliat was the character of Philip II. ] 

393. What battle soon after he came to the throne, and 
result] 

394. What peace 1559, A. D. ] 

395. What country subdued by him] 

396. What revolt about the same time] 

397. By whom were the Hollanders aided in their struggle? 

398. What great armament fitted out at this time, and with 
what success ] 

399. What noted literary character lived during his reign and 
that of his successor ] 



74 SPAIN, HOLLAND. 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

400. Name the sovereigns of England, France, and Germany, 
during the reign of Philip II. 

401. Who succeeded Philip II., and whenT 

402. What was the character of Philip III. ? 

403. What event 1609, A. D. ? 

404. Name the prominent characters and events in England, 
France, and Germany, cotemporary with Philip III. 

405. Who succeeded Philip III., and what is said of his 
character, and his reign 1 ? 

406. What is said of the condition of Spain, during the early 
part of this century 1 

407. What is its state towards the close of this century 1 

408. With what nations was Spain at war, during the first 
half of the century 1 ? 

409. What sea fight, 1639, and result? 

410. With what defeats did the Spaniards meet, between 1643 
and 1646, A. D.1 (See France.) 

411. Who came to the throne of Spain, 1700, A. D., and what 
war followed ? 

412. Give some account of this war. 

413. What house came to the throne in the person of Philip V.? 

414. What followed, 1717, A. D. 1 

415. What the next year 1 (See France.) 

416. W T hat prominent characters cotemporary with Philip V.'» 

417. W T hat event noticed, 1761, A. D. ? 

418. What 1793, A. D.I 

419. What, 1796, A. D. ? 

420. What defeat, 1800, A. D. ? 

421. Who succeeds to the throne, 1808, A. D., and what 
follows] 

422. Whom did Napoleon place upon the throne? 

423. What took place, 1814, A. D. 1 

424. What, 1835, A. D.! 

425. During whose reign, and for what cause, did HOLLAND 
revolt from Spain? 

426. W r ho was first elected stadtholder? 

427. Who was elected after the assassination of William T 

428. From whom did the Dutch receive aid 1 ? 

429. What noted character flourished 1600, A. D.1 

430. What other celebrated characters cotemporary with Ar- 
minius ? 

431. W 7 hat celebrated Dutch writer flourished towards the mid- 
dle of this century 1 



HOLLAND, NAPLES, PORTUGAL. 75 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

432. What prominent characters cotemporary with Grotius ! 

433. What war about the middle of this century? 

434. What was the state of Holland, at this time 1 ? 

435. What began, 1672, A. D., and what followed ? 

436. What is said of the stadtholder, William III., 1689, A. D.I 

437. What claim had he to the English throne ? 

138. What prominent characters cotemporary with him ? 

439. W T hat noted Dutch physician soon after 1700, A. D. ? 

140. What is said of Holland towards the middle of this 
century ! 

441. What change in the government, 1747, A. D.? 

442. What war, 1780, A. D. ? 

443. What event mentioned, 1793, A. D. ? 

444. Under whom did the French invade Holland, 1795, A. D.? 

445. What republic was formed on the conquest of Holland ? 

446. Who was king, 1807—10, A. D. ? 

447. What followed, 1814 and 15, A. D. ? 

448. What power proclaimed independent, 1831, A. D., and 
who is king? 

449. What is said of NAPLES, 1707, A. D. ? 

450. During what war was this? 

451. About how long was this, since its conquest by Ferdinand 
of Spain ? 

452. About how long since the acquisition of Sicily by John, 
the predecessor of Ferdinand? 

453. Who completed the conquest of Naples, 1735, A. D. ? 

454. What house came to the throne at this time ? 

455. Give the principal events in the history of Naples and 
Sicily, since this time? 

456. Who was king of PORTUGAL, at the beginning of this 
division ? 

457. What discoveries had just been made by the Portuguese ? 

458. What calamity about 1520, A. D. ? 

459. What event, 1540, A. D.? 

460. What was at this time the commercial state of Porto- 
gal? 

461. Wliat is said of Lisbon ? 

462. W T hat of the next king? 

463. What of the prosperity of Portugal, during his reign 1 

464. What event, 1580, A. D. ? 

465. How long were the Portuguese subject to Spain ? 

466. What took place, 1640, A. D.? 

467. What house here succeeds to the throne ? 



76 PORTUGAL, DENMARK. 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

468. Name some of the prominent kings previous to the French 
revo\ution ] 

469. What took place, 1793, A. D. 1 

470. What events mentioned, 1807, A. D.] 

471. What took place, 1811, A. D.? 

472. Who was upon the throne of DENMARK and Sweden, 
at the beginning of this division? 

473. Who succeeded John I., and what is he styled ? 

474. What is said of him 1 

475. W T ho revolted about the time of his deposition] 

476. Who succeeded Christian III., and what is said of him ? 

477. What power united with Denmark, 1532, A. D.] 

478. Who succeeds to the throne the next year, and what is 
said of him] 

479. Who succeeds Christian III., and what is said of him] 

480. What prominent characters cotemporary with Frederic II. ? 

481. What peace declared during his reign? 

482. Who succeeded Frederic II. ] 

483. What is said of Christian IV., 1625, A. D. ? 

484. W T hat is said of manufactures, &c, about this time] 

485. Who succeeds Christian IV.] 

486. What events mentioned, 1660, A. D.] 

487. What prominent characters cotemporary with Frederic III.] 

488. Who succeeded him, 1670, A. D. ] 

489. What prominent characters cotemporary with Christian V.] 

490. Who succeeded Christian V., and about what time] 

491. What is said of Frederic IV. ? 

492. What is said of manufactures, during his reign] 

493. What was the condition of the country] 

494. Name the prominent characters cotemporary with Frede- 
ric IV. 

495. Who succeeds Frederic IV., and what is said of him ? 

496. What prominent characters cotemporary with Christian 
VI.] 

497. Who succeeds Christian VI., and what is said of his 
character and his reign] 

498. Name the prominent characters cotemporary with Frede* 
ric V. 

499. Who succeeds Frederic V., and what is his character? 

500. What took place, 1801, A. D.] 

501. What, 1807, A. D.] 

502. Who succeeded to the throne, 1808, A.D., after heving 
been twenty-three years regent? 



SWEDEN. 77 

[From 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 
b03. With what power was SWEDEN united at the beginning 
of this century ? 

504. What took place, 1522, A. D. ? 

505. About how long had it been since the formation of the 
union of Calmar ? 

506. What event mentioned, 1528, A. D. ? 

507. What is further said of the country during the reign ot 
Gustavus Vasa? 

508. What house came to the throne, 1522, A. D. ? 

509. What prominent characters cotemporary with Gustavus 
Vasa? 

510. Who succeeded to the throne, 1611, A. D., and what is 
said of him ? 

511. What war began in Germany soon after he ascended the 
throne ? 

512. What did he do, 1530, A. D.? 

513. What battles did he fight, and what was the result of each ? 
(See Germany.) 

514. What prominent characters cotemporary with Gustavus 
Adolphus ? 

515. What is said of Sweden towards the last of this century? 

516. Who came to the throne, 1697, A. D., and at what age? 

517. What, battle, 1700, A. D., and result? 

518. What, battle did he gain the next year? 

519. In what battle was he finally defeated ? (Se» Russia.) 

520. Who succeeded Charles XII.? 

521. What was the state of Sweden, towards the middle of 
this century ? 

522. Who came to the throne, 1751, A. D., and what was his 
character? 

523. What house ascended the throne in the person of Adol- 
phus Frederic ? 

524. What celebrated character flourished in Sweden during 
his reign? 

525. What is said of Sweden, 1800, A. D. ? 

526. What followed the next year? 

527. What war, 1808, and what followed? 

528. What peace, 1810, A. D., and what marshal of France 
elected crown prince ? 

529. What war, 1813, A. D. ? 

530. What country taken from Denmark and united to Sweden, 
1814, A. D.? 

531 What followed, 1818, A.D.? 



78 POLAND. 

[Between 1500 A. D. and 1845 A. D.] 

532. Who was upon the throne of POLAND, at the beginning 
of this division? 

533. Who succeeded John Albert, 1501, A. D. ] 

534. With what nations was he at war ] 

535. What prominent characters cotemporary with Alexander 1 

536. Who succeeded him, and about what time ] 

537. What is said of Sigismund I. ] 

538. What is the condition of Poland, during the latter part of 
his reign ] 

539. What noted characters cotemporary with Sigismund 1. 1 

540. Who succeeded him ] 

541. What noted characters cotemporary with Sigismund II.] 

542. What followed on the death of Sigismund II., 1572, A. D.I 

543. What is said of the state of the government from the 
time of Sigismund II. 1 

544. What war began about 1600, A. D., and how long did it last 1 

545. What took place, 1610, A. D. ] 

546. What is said of the Poles in Russia, this year] (See 
Russia.) 

547. What followed, 1632, A. D. ] (See Russia.) 

548. Who ascended the throne of Poland, 1648, A. D.] 

549. What victory did he gain the next year] 

550. What conquest made in Poland, during the reign of Mi- 
chael, 1672, and what followed ] (See Turkey.) 

551. What victory did his grand marshal, Sobieski, gain the 
next year 1 

352. How long after this victory before Sobieski is created king, 
and what is said of him ] 

553. What prominent characters cotemporary with John Sobi- 
eski] 

554. Who succeeded him ] 

555. Who came upon the throne of Sweden the same year] 

556. What followed on his making war against Charles XII., 
of Sweden] 

557. How long after the deposition of Frederic I., 1704, A. D., 
before he was restored ] 

558. After whai celebrated battle was he restored] (See 
Russia.) 

559. What followed, 1715—17, A. D. ] 

560. What massacre, 1724, A. D. ] 

561. What was the state of Poland at this time] 

562. What took place, 1772, A. D. ] 

563. Name the prominent characters cotemporary with Fred. 1 



POLAND, RUSSIA. 



79 



[Between 1500 A. D. and 1845 A.D.] 
Poland was at this time divided between Prussia, Austria and Russia. 

564. What took place, 1793, A. D., and what followed the next 
year? 

565. What took place, 1795, A. D.? 

566. What took place, 1812, A. D., and what followed three 
years after ? 

567. What events mentioned, 1830, A. D. ? 

568. What followed the next year? . 

569. W T ho was upon the throne of RUSSIA, at the beginning 1 
of this division ? 

570. About how long had he reigned? 

571. What is said of the history of Russia, previous to 1500, 
A. D.? 

572. To whom had the Russians for some time been subject? 

573. What is said of John IV., 1544, A. D.? 

574. What event, 1571, A. D.? 

575. What event mentioned, 1581, and what 1610, A. D.? 

576. What house ascended the throne, 1613, A. D.? 

577. What war renewed soon after, and what followed ? 

578. What is said of the condition of Russia, during the last 
half of this century? 

579. Who began to reign, 1682, A. D. ? 

580. Who acted as regent? 

581. What was Peter afterwards styled ? 

582. What is said of him, 1497, A. D. ? 

583. By whom was he several times defeated? 

584. In what battle was he defeated, 1700, A. D.? (See 
Sweden.) 

585. What battle, 1709, A. D., and result* 

586. W T hat is further said of Peter the Great? 

587. W T hat prominent characters and events cotemporary with 
Peter the Great? 

588. What is said of Russia about the time of the close of this 
reign ? 

589. Mention some of his successors during the next 15 years. 

590. Who ascended the throne, 1741, A. D., and what was hei 
character? 

591. What is said of her? 

592. What prominent characters cotemporary with her? 

593. What followed, soon after the accession of her successor, 
Peter IIL of Holstein? 

594. Who was reigning in Russia, 1800, A. D. ? 

595. What Russian general enters Italy this year ? 



80 RUSSIA, TURKEY. 

[Between 1500 A. D. and 1845 A. D.l 

596. What followed, 1801, A. D. ? 

597. Who ascended the Russian throne, 1801, A. D.l 

598. What peace, 1807, and what war declared soon after, and 
on what account ? 

599. What took place, 1812, A. D. ? 

600. What is said of Alexander, 1814, A. D., and what the 
next year? 

601. Name the prominent characters cotemporary with Alex. 

602. Who succeeded Alexander, and what is his character 1 ? 

603. What war, between 1828 and 1833? 

604. Who was upon the throne of TURKEY, at the beginning 
of this division] 

605. What noted characters cotemporary with Bajazet II. ? 

606. Who succeeded Bajazet II., and what is said of him? 

607. What conquests did he make, 1516 — 17, A. D.? 

608. What prominent characters cotemporary with Selim ? 

609. W T ho succeeds Selim I. ? 

610. What conquest two years after he ascended the throne? 

611. What took place, 1529, A. D. ? 

612. What followed three years after? 

613. What is said of the Turkish navy, during the reign ot 



man 



Soly 

614. What prominent characters cotemporary with Solyman I. ? 
i?15. Who succeeded Solyman I., and what was his character? 

616. What conquest did he make from the Venetians, 1571, 
A. D., and what followed the same year? 

617. What took place, 1590, A. D. ? 

618. What victory did Mahomet gain, 1597, A. D. ? 

619. What war, 1601—18, and what is said of it? 

620. Who ascended the throne, 1623, A. D., and what was his 
character ? 

621. What conquest did he make from Persia, 1638, A. D. ? 

622. What prominent characters cotemporary with Amurath 
IV. 1 

623. What island is retaken from the Venetians, 1669, A. D.I 

624. What conquest made by the Turks, 1672, A. D., And 
what followed ? 

625. What is said of Michael, the next year ? [See Poland.^ 

626. After repeated defeats for several years, what is said of 
the Turkish power about 1700, A. D. ? 

627. What is said of them, 1734—35, A. D.? 

628. Who was upon the throne, at the beginning of the. French 
revolution? 



TURKEY, PERSIA, CHINA, AMERICA 



b\ 



[Between 1500 A. D. and 1845 A. D.] 

629. Wht battles followed, 1798—99, A. D. ? 

630. What revolt from Turkish oppression, 1822, A. D.. and 
what followed ? 

631. What took place, 1826, A. D. ? 

632. What is now the condition of the Turkish empire? 

633. When did GREECE declare independence, and what 
followed ? 

634. Where were the Greeks soon after massacred ? 

635. What took place the next year? 

636. What is said of the comparative naval power of the Greeks 
and Turks ? 

637. What followed the landing of the Egyptians in the Morea? 

638. What battle closed the war, and what was the result? 

639. Who ascended the throne of PERSIA, 1501, A. D., and 
what is said of him ? 

640. What prominent characters cotemporary with Ismael ? 

641. Who ascended the throne, 1586, A. D., and what is said 
of him? 

642. What prominent characters cotemporary with Abbas I. ? 

643. What is said of Persia under his reign, and w r hat during 
the reign of his successors? 

644. What is said of the successor of Abbas I. ? 

645. W T hat is said of Thamasp Kouli Khan ? 

646. W T hat followed after his death ? 

647. By what dynasty was CHINA ruled after the expulsion 
of the Mogul Tartars ? 

648. By whom are the Chinese next subdued, and about wha< 
time? 

649. What sect have the ascendency in China, at this time? 

650. What followed, 1664, and what 1692, A. D.? 

651. What arrival in China, 1705, A. D. ? 

652. What followed soon after ? 

653. Who ascended the throne of the empire, 1735, A. D. ? 

654. What event mentioned during his reign? 

655. W T ho succeeded him, 1796, A. D. ? 

656. What followed during his reign? 

657. Who succeeded Kia King, and when? 

658. What important event since mentioned, and when ? 

659. When, and by whom, was AMERICA discovered? (See 
Spain ) 

160. About how long after the discovery of America, before the 
first permanent settlement by the English ? 



82 AMERICA. 

[Between 1500 A. D, and 1845 A. D.] 

661. Date of the foundation of Jamestown, in Virginia? 

662. How long was this after the union of England and S< ot- 
land? 

663. Name the prominent characters living at the time of this 
event ? 

664. When, and by whom, was New York settled ? 

665. What followed, 1656, A. D., and what eight years after 7 

666. What slate settled, 1620, A. D., and by whom 1 ? 

667. What war began two years before this event) 

668. What prominent characters flourishing at this time ? 

669. What four states settled within the next ten years, and 
by whom? 

670. What states settled, 1634—36, A. D., and by whom? 

671. What Indians subdued, 1637, A. D. ? 

672. What events noticed, 1638—39, A. D. ? 

673. How long were these events after the landing of the pil- 
grims ? (Puritans.) 

674. What event, 1643, A. D.? 

675. Who ascended the throne of France the same year? 

676. What state settled, 1650, A. D., and by whom? 

677. What state settled, 1670, A. D., and by whom? 

678. What constitution adopted ?. 

679. How long was this after the landing of the pilgrims? 

680. What prominent characters flourished at this time? 

681. What famous Indian chief slain, 1676, A. D. ? 

682. What is said of New Hampshire, 1680, A. D. ? 

683. When, and by whom, was Pennsylvania settled ? 

684. What is said of Massachusetts the same year? 

685. What war began soon after, and what event mentioned 
during this war? 

686. What strange events noticed two years after the beginning 
of this war? 

687. What war began, 1702, A. D. ? 

688. What is this war called in European history ? (See France 
and Spain.) 

689. Give some of the prominent events of the next twenty 
five years ? 

690. What state settled, 1733, A. D., and by whom? 

691. What war began, 1744, A. D., and what was at this time 
going on in Europe ? 

692. What event mentioned the next year ? 

693. When was this war renewed, and what defeat the same 
year? 

694. What battles and captures during the next five years ? 



AMERICA. 83 

[Between 1500 A. D. and 1845 A. D.] 
*>95. What celebrated philosopher and statesman flourished at 
this time ? 

696. What discovery did he make? 

697. What prominent characters in Europe at this time] 

698. W T hat celebrated institution founded, 17G4, A. D.? 

699. What event mentioned in English history, 17G5, A. D.I 
(See England.) 

700. What followed in the colonies the same year? 

701. What events during- the next five years ? 

702. What event, 1773, A. D. ? 

703. W'hat followed the next year? 

704. What, 1775, A. D. ? 

705. When was independence declared? 

70G. What are the prominent events mentioned during the next 
seven years ? 

707. W T hat took place, 1787, A. D. ? 

708. What took place, 1789, A. D. ? 

709 What events the same year in France? 

710. What events mentioned during the first four years ot 
Washington's administration? 

711. Name the prominent characters and events in European 
history during this time. 

712. What events mentioned during the second four years of 
Washington's administration? 

713. Name the prominent events in the history of France 
during these four years. 

714. Who were next elected to the offices of president and 
vice president ? 

715. What are the prominent events mentioned during the ad- 
ministration of John Adams ? 

716. Who were next elected president and vice president, and 
when? 

717. What are the prominent events mentioned during the first 
four years of Jefferson's administration ? 

^18. Who was chosen vice president at Jefferson's second 
election ? 

719. What events mentioned during the second four years of 
Jefferson's administration ? 

720. Who were next e^cted president and vice president, and 
when? 

721. What events mentioned during the first four years of 
Madison's administration ? 

722. Who was elected vice president at Madison's second 
election ? 



84 AMERICA. 

[Between 1500 A. D. to 1845 A. D.] 

723. What events mentioned during the second four years of 
Madison's administration'? 

724. Who was next elected president, and who vice president ? 

725. What events mentioned during the first four years o< 
Monroe's administration? 

726. What event during the second four years? 

727. Who succeeded him as president, and who as vice presi- 
dent? 

728. Give the principal events that transpired during the ad- 
ministration of J. Q. Adams. 

729. Who succeeded Adams as president, and who as vice 
president ? 

730. Give the principal events of the first four years of his 
presidency. 

731. Who was elected vice president on Jackson's second 
election? 

782. What events mentioned during the second four years of 
Jackson's administration ? 

733. Who succeeded him as president, and who as vice presi- 
dent? 

734. What events mentioned during the administration of Van 
Buren ? 

735. Who was next chosen president, and when ? 

736. What followed soon after? 

737. What events mentioned during the administration of 
president Tyler? 

738. Who was next elected president, and who vice president? 

739. About how long from the first discovery of America by 
Col embus to the conquest of Mexico by Cortez? 

740. What is said of this conquest 2 

741. How long was this before the landing of th^ Puritans at 
Plymouth ? 

742. Name the prominent characters who lived at the time of 
the first conquest of Mexico ? 

743. What mines soon after discovered ? 

744. What country settled next after Mexico, and what are the 
circumstances of this settlement? 

745. What other countries in South America settled during the 
next five years, and by whom ? 

746. By whom was Brazil first settled, and under what circum- 
stances ? 

747. What followed the next year ? 

748. What took place, 1624—25, A. D. ? 

749 How long was it subject to the Spaniards' 



AMERICA, GENERAL QUESTIONS. 85 

iBetween 1500 A. D. and 1845 A. D.] 
750 What war was at this time going on in Europe ? 
751. When was independence declared in New Grenada, and 

what followed ? 
7o2. W T hat took place, 1813, A. D. ? 

753. What is^said of Bolivar, 1830, A. D. ? 

754. W T hat event transpired in Brazil, 1807, A. D. ? 

755. What was the cause of this immigration of the royal 
family ? (See Portugal.) 

756. What is said of John, 1810, A. D. ? 

757. What government was soon after established ? 

758. What took place in 1820, and what, 1831, A. D. ? 

759. What is the number of inhabitants in Brazil at this time? 

760. When did Mexico declare independence of Spain? 

761. Who, at first, opposed the revolution? 

762. Who was first elected president, 1829, A. D., and what 
followed ? 

763. What took place, 1833, A. D. ? 

764. What change does Santa Anna make in the government? 

765. Who succeeded Santa Anna as president? 

766. Who succeeded Austin? 

767. What state revolts from Mexico, 1836, A. D. ? 

768. Who invaded Texas soon after, what fortress did he attack, 
and what was the result? 

769. What battle fought soon after, and what followed ? 

770. What took place the next year after the declaration of 
independence ? 

771. What was, at this time, the number of inhabitants in 
Texas? 

772. What took place in Chili, 1816, A. D. ? 

773. By whom was Chili freed ? 

774 By what officers has Chili since been governed? 



o6 GENERAL QUESTIONS. 

GENERAL QUESTIONS. 

775. What defeats do CHINESE sustain in 1842? 

776. "What treaty is made at this time ? 

777. When does the emperor die, and who succeeds him? 

778. Give events of rebellion in 1850. 

779. What events in war with England in 1856 ? 

780. What treaties follow? 

781. Give events of war in 1860. 

782. What treaties ensue ? 

783. When does emperor die, and who succeeds him ? 

784. Give events of civil war in 1863 and 1864. 

785. What prominent person dies, and how? 

786. What treaties are made in 1866 ? 

787. What occurs in 1867 ? 

788. What treaties in 1868 and 1869 ? 

789. What siege did PERSIA carry on in 1838? 

790. Who becomes shah in 1848 ? 

791. What city do Persians capture in 1856? 

792. What war takes place in Persia, and with whom ? 

793. Name the events of the war. 

794. What death in 1863 is given ? 

795. What occurs in 1871 and 1872? 

796. Give the estimated population. 

797. What city falls in TURKEY in 1829, and with what 
result? 

798. What event of war with pasha of Egypt in 1832 ? 

799. What grant does Russia get in 1833 ? 

800. Give events of war with Egypt in 1839. 

801. When did sultan die, and who succeeds him? 

802. Name events of reign of Abdul Mejid. 

803. Who succeeded him ? 

804. What is established in 1868 ? 

805. Give events of 1869. 

806. What rulers recognize the sultan as their sovereign ? 

807. What death in 1871? 

808. When did Turkey recognize independence of GREECE? 

809. Who became president of Greece in 1830? 

810. What befell him in 1831 ? 

811. Who becomes sovereign in 1834? 

812. What events in his reign are given ? 

813. What change in government in 1862? 

814. Who was chosen king in 1863? 



GENERAL QUESTIONS. 87 

815. What accession of territory in 1863 ? 

816. What is adopted in 1864? 

817. What is the condition of the kingdom in 1865 ? 

818. Give the events of 1867. 

819. What is the population in 1870 ? 

820. In what wars is RUSSIA engaged from 1830 to 1853? 

821. Give events of war with Turkey begun in 1853. 

822. When did emperor die ? Name his successor. 

823. Give prominent events of 1865. 

824. What deaths occur in 1868 and 1869 ? 

825. What death in 1871? 

826. Give the population in 1872. # 

827. What internal events are mentioned in Alexander's reign? 

828. What battles in POLAND in 1831 ? 

829. When and what was final partition ? 

830. What events occur under Russian rule ? 

831. When did Bernadotte die in SWEDEN? 

832. Who succeeded him? 

833. What scientific man died in Oscar's reign? 

834. Who succeeded Oscar ? 

835. Who dies in 1871 ? 

836. Give events of his reign. 

837. Who succeeds him? 

838. What territorial change in DENMARK in 1814? 

839. Who ascended the throne in 1839 ? 

840. What event of his reign is given ? 

841. Who was the next sovereign? 

842. Name events of the Schleswig-Holstein war. 

843. What other events of his reign are given ? 

844. Who succeeded to the throne in 1863 ? 

845. Give the events of his reign. 

846. What change takes place in PORTUGAL'S dominions 
in 1814 and 1815? 

847. When did John VI. become king? 

848. When did Brazil become independent, and what is said 
of her ruler? 

849. Who is chosen queen ? 

850. Who usurps the throne ? 

851. When is the queen restored? 

852. Who succeeds her, and when? 

853. Who succeeds Pedro V.? 

854. Whom does he marry? 

855. Give events of his reign. 



88 GENERAL QUESTIONS. 

856. Who is queen in SPAIN in 1833? 

857. . Who assists queen-mother against rebels ? 

858. What change in government in 1840 ? in 1841 ? 

859. What insurrections follow? 

860. When does queen assume government? 

861. Give events of her reign. 

862. What occurs in 1868 ? 

863. To whom is the crown offered ? 

864. Who accepts it ? 

865. What assassination in 1870 ? 

866. When does the king enter Madrid ? 

867. Who becomes king of BELGIUM in 1831? 

868. What war in the same year ? 

869. When was it ended ? 

870. What war in HOLLAND under William I. ? 

871. When did he abdicate? 

872. Who succeeded him ? 

873. Who was the next sovereign ? 

874. What events of his reign are given ? 

875. Who succeeded him? 

876. What events of William III.'s reign are given? 

877. Who is viceroy in ITALY in 1805 ? 

878. When did his power cease? 

879. What changes in Italy were made by Congress of Vienna ? 

880. Who becomes king of Sardinia? 

881. What change in government in 1821? 

882. What poet dies in reign of Charles Felix ? 

883. Who is the next sovereign ? 

884. Name the events of his reign. 

885. To whom did Charles Albert resign the crown? 

886. Name events of Victor Emanuel II. 's reign prior to 1861. 

887. What States formed kingdom of Italy? 

888. What prominent events in 1870? 

889. What occurs in 1871 ? 

890. When did Ferdinand I. of NAPLES and SICILY die, 
and who succeeds him ? 

891. Name events of reign of Ferdinand II. 

892. When did he die. and who was the next sovereign? 

893. Name the events after accession of Francis. 

894. Who aids the POPE in 1831 ? 

895. When did he die, and who succeeded him? 
890. Give the events previous to flight of Pius IX. 



GENERAL QUESTIONS. 89 

897. "Who assumes control ? 

898. What events are mentioned while Rome was a republic? 

899. Who restores the Pope, and when ? 

900. What council meets in 1*869 ? • 

901. What does this council declare? 

902. Who evacuates Rome ? 

903. What follows this evacuation ? 

904. What events in PRUSSIAN historv in 1820? 

905. Whose death is given in 1831? in 1834? 

906. What events in 1835 and 1837 ? 

907. When did king die, and who succeeded him? 

908. Give the events of his reign. 

909. Who was the next sovereign ? 

910. What events of the reign of William I. are given ? 

911. What is the population in 1867 ? 

912. Give prominent events of 1870. 

913. What is said in reference to crown of Germany? 

914. What man of great prominence at this time ? 

GERMANY. 

915. What is the result of the war between France and Pri.ssia? 

916. Give events of 1870. 

917. Name battles in the war with France. 

918. What occurs at the battle of Sedan ? 

919. Give prominent events of 1871. 

920. What decision given by the emperor in 1872 ? 

921. Who became emperor of AUSTRIA in 1835 ? 

922. What events in Hungary during reign of Ferdinand? 

923. What events elsewhere in empire? 

924. Who became sovereign in 1848, and why ? 

925. Give events in Hungary during reign of Francis Joseph. 

926. What eminent men died ? 

927. What war in 1859 ? (See Italy.) 

928. What territorial change is made? 

929. What war in 1866 ? 

930. What territory is yielded? 

931. Give events of 1868. 

932. What is the population in 1870? 

933. What is the official title of the empire, and why? 

934. Who are parties to GERMAN CONFEDERATE 
STATES of 1815? 

935. What is said of State of Germany? 

936. What philosopher dies in 1819? 



90 GENERAL QUESTIONS. 

937. What event in 1820 is noticed? 

938. Who died in 1825? 

939. What events of 1832 are noticed ? 

940. What event in 1833 ? in 1839? in 1841? 

941. What historian dies in 1842 ? 

942. Name events of 1843, 1848, and 1849. 

943. What deaths in 1861 are given? 

944. Give events of war of 1866. 

945. Who rose in Algeria in 1835? 

946. What deaths of eminent men are given in FRANCE 
from 1838 to 1842? 

947. What events in war with Abd-el-Kader in 1842 and 
1844? 

948. What event of 1845 is noticed? of 1846? 

949. What political spirit shows itself in 1847 ? 

950. What events occur in 1847 ? 

951. Who becomes president in 1848? 

952. What events of Louis Napoleon's presidency are given? 

953. When did he become emperor? 

954. What wars during his reign? 

955. What eminent men died? 

956. Give prominent events of 1870. 

957. What battles take place during this year ? 

958. What events in 1871? 

959. Who is elected president in 1872? 

960. What territory is ceded? 

961. What eminent literary men died in ENGLAND in 1832 
and 1835 ? 

962. Give the events until the accession of the Peel ministry. 

963. Give the events of their administration. 

964. What ministry succeeded, and when? 

965. What events are mentioned during the Russell ministry? 

966. When did the Aberdeen ministry succeed ? 

967. Name the events of their administration. 

968. Give the events of Palmerston's first ministry. 

969. What ministry succeeded, and when? 

970. What are the events given under Derby's administration ? 

971. What under Palmerston's second administration? 

972. When did Palmerston die, and what ministry succeeded? 

973. Give remaining events in English history. 

AMERICA. 

974. When ami by whom was Utah settled ? 



GENERAL QUESTIONS. 91 

975. Name the events of Polk's administration. 

976. Who were next chosen president and vice-president? 

977. Give the events during Taylor's administration. 

978. When and at what age did President Taylor die? 

979. What events are given during Fillmore's administra- 
tion ? 

980. Who were next elected president and vice-president? 

981. Give the events during Pierce's administration. 

982. What president and vice-president next succeeded ? 

983. Give the events of Buchanan's presidency up to the 
election of his successor. 

984. What events happened between Lincoln's election and 
inauguration ? 

985. Who was vice-president ? 

986. What remaining events are given in 1861 ? 

987. What events in 1862? 

988. What events in 1863 ? 

989. Name the remaining events of Lincoln's first term of 
presidency. 

990. Who became vice-president on Lincoln's second acces- 
sion ? 

991. Name the events of Lincoln's second presidency. 

992. Give the events relating to his death. 

993. What are the events of Johnson's administration? 

994. Who was President Johnson's successor? 

995. Who was elected vice-president? 

996. What important enterprise was completed in 1869 ? 

997. What other events ? 

998. Name deaths occurring. 

999. What events in 1870? 

1000. Give the census. 

1001. What persons die? 

1002. Give prominent events in 1871. 

1003. Who is elected president in 1872? 

1004. Who vice-president ? 

1005. What events of importance? 

1006. What deaths ? 

1007. Name the events in MEXICO under constitution of 1836. 

1008. What events are given from 1843 to the war with the 
United States ? 

1009. What events during war with U. S. ? (See U. S.) 

1010. Give the remaining events under constitution of 1843 

1011. What events occur from 1857 until the election oi 
Juarez ? 



92 GENERAL QUESTIONS. 

1012. Give the events of his administration. 

1013. Name his European cotemporaries. 

1014. When was he re-elected president? 

1015. Give events during his second term? 

1016. When was he again re-elected? 

1017. What occurs in 1872 ? 

1018. When and under whom did HAYTI become inde- 
pendent? 

1019. Name the events up to the independence of the Domi- 
nican Republic. 

1020. Give the subsequent events up to the expulsion of 
Faustin I. 

1021. Give principal events since. 

1022. AVhat is the date of the independence of the DOMI- 
NICAN REPUBLIC ? 

1023. Who was its first president? 

1024. Name presidents since. 

1025. What takes place in 1870 ? 

1026. Give the events in NICARAGUA which precede the 
invasion by Walker. 

1027. What between his landing and death ? 

1028. What events since ? 

1029. What other events in CENTRAL AMERICA are given? 

1030. Give the events in VENEZUELA. 

1031. Give the events in ECUADOR. 

1032. Name the events in GRANADA till the formation of 
constitution of 1843. 

1033. What events under this constitution until formation of 
Granadine Confederation ? 

1034. What events in BRAZIL under rule of Pedro II. ? 

1035. Give the events in PERUVIAN history. What are 
noticed ? 

1036. When was the ARGENTINE CONFEDERACY 
formed ? 

1037. What events are mentioned prior to secession A 
Buenos Ayres? 

J 038. What subsequent events till constitution of 1862! 

1039. Give the events in PARAGUAYAN history. 

1040. Name events noticed in URUGUAY. 

1041. Nam 1 events given in CHILIAN history. 



GENERAL QUESTIONS. 93 

General Questions hetween A. D. and 1000 A. D. 

1. What nations flourishing at the time of the Christian era ? 

2. Give the outlines of the history of the Roman emperors, 
between A. D. and the time of Constantine. 

3. Name the prominent literary characters during this time: 
tell ahout the time that each one flourished, and what is said 
of each. 

4. Give the outlines of the history of the empire during the. 
next century. 

5. Give the outlines of the history of the church during this 
century. 

6. Give the prominent events in the history of the western 
empire previous to its overthrow, and the changes that occurred 
in Italy between 400 and 1000, A. D. 1 

7. Give the prominent events in the history of the eastern 
empire during this period. 

8. Name the prominent characters and events in the history 
of Parthia and Persia, between A. D. and the conquests of 
Omar 

9. Give the outlines of the history of the Saracens, previous 
to 1000, A. D. 

10. Of the Franks in France, previous to the establishment 
of the empire of Charlemagne 1 

11. The outlines of their history between 800 and 1000, A. D. 

12. Give the principal events and characters in the history of 
Britain, previous to 1000, A. D. 

13. Give the prominent events in the history of the Saxon 
Heptarchy. 

14. When did Egbert become sole king of England] 

15. Give the outlines of the history of the Saxon kings, from 
this time to the accession of the Danish kings'? 

16. What tribes overran Spain, 409, A. D., and what are the 
prominent events in the history of Spain, between this and 
1000, A. D. 1 

17. Give the outlines of the history of the church, between 
400 and 600, A. D. 

18. Of the papal church between 600 and 1000, A. D. 1 

19. Of the church in the wilderness? 

Between 1000 A. D. and the present time. 

1. When did the Danish kings ascend the throne of England 1 

2. Give the outlines of their history. 

8* 



94 GENERAL QUESTIONS. 

[Between 1G00 A. D. and the present time.] 

3. What kings succeeded them, and when? 

4. Give the outlines of the history of the Norman kings. 

5. What house succeeded them, and when ? 

6. About how long did the family of Plantagenet or AnjoL 
occupy the throne of England ? 

7. Give the outlines of the history of England during its 
reign. 

8. What house succeeded them, and when ? 

9. About how long did the house of Lancaster occupy the 
throne ? 

10. Give the outlines of the history of England during its 
reign. 

1 1. What family succeeded them, and when? 

12. About how long did the house of York occupy the throne ? 

13. Give the outlines of the history of England during its 
leign. 

14. What house succeeded, and when? 

15. About how long did the house of Tudor occupy the throne? 

16. Give the outlines of the history of England during its 
reign. 

17. What house succeeded, and when? 

18. About how long did the house of Stuart occupy the throne ! 

19. Give the prominent events in the history of England 
during this time. 

20. What house succeeded, and when? 

21. Give the outlines of the history of England, since the 
accession of the house of Hanover. 

22. Give the outlines of the history of Scotland. 

23. Give the outlines of the history of the American colonies 
from the first settlement at Jamestown to the declaration of 
independence. 

24. Give the history of the United States. 

25. Give the outlines of the history of France, between 1000 
and 1300, A. D. 

26. During the Period of Invasions. 

27. From 1500 to 1793, A. D. 

28. Since 1793, A. D. 

29. Of Germany previous to the accession of the house of 
Austria. 

30. During the reign of the house of Austria. 

31. Since the accession of the house of Lorraine. 

32. Of the church in the wilderness previous to 1500, A, D. 

33. Of the papal church previous to 1500, A. D. 



GENERAL QUESTIONS. 95 

34. Of the papal church since that time. 

35. Of Italy. 

36. Of Arraoron. 

37. Of Castile and Leon. 

38. Of Spain since the union of Castile and Arragon 

39. Of Holland after its revolt from Spain. 

40. Of Portugal. 

41. Of Denmark. 

42. Of Sweden. 

43. Of Poland. 

44. Of Russia. 

45. Of the Eastern or Greek empire. 

46. Of the Mahometans between 1000 and 1200, A. D. 

47. Of the Moguls 

48. Of the Tartars. 

49. Of the Turks. 

50. Of the Greeks since 1800. 

51. Of Persia since 1500. 

62. Of China in Modern times. 

Set " Method of Teaching from the Cnart" p. 0. 



A KEY 

TO THE PRONUNCIATION AND CHRONOLOGY OF 
NAMES MENTIONED ON THE CHART OF 
ANCIENT HISTORY. 



B. C. 




B. C. 




1574. 


A'-a-ron. 


839. 


Am-a-zi'-ah. 


1163. 


Ab'-don. 


1491. 


A-men'-o-phis. 


1060. 


A-bi'bal, 


1498. 


Am-phic'-ty-on. 


958. 


A-bi'-jah. 


550. 


A-myn'-tas I. 


1236. 


A-bim'-e-lech. 


390. 


A-myn'-tas II. 


1062. 


A-bim'-e-lech. 


500. 


A-nac'-re-on, or A-na'- 


1055. 


Ab'-ner. 




cre-on. 


1996. 


A'-bra-ham. 


640. 


An'-cus Mar'-ti-us. 


1023. 


Ab'-sa-lom. 


43. 


An'-tho-ny, Antony. 


1194. 


A-chil'-les. 


278. 


An-tig'-o-nus, Go-na'- 


4000. 


Ad'-am. 




tas. 


570. 


jE'-sop. 


232. 


An-tig'-o-nus, Do' 


1194. 


Ag-a-mem'non. 




.son. 


394. 


Ag-es-i-la'-us. 


40. 


An-tig'-o-nus. 


918. 


A'-hab. 


283. 


An-ti'-o-chus I., So'- 


595. 


A-has-u-e'-rus. 




tef. 


521. 


Ahas-u-e'-rus. 


261. 


An-ti'-o-chus II., 


464. 


A-has-u-e'-rus 




The'-os. 


742. 


A'-haz. 


223. 


An-ti'-o-chus III. 


897. 


A-ha-zi'-ah. 




the Great. 


885. 


A-ha-zi'-ah. 


175. 


An-ti'-o-chus IV., 


1194. 


A'-jax. 




E-piph'-a-nes. 


620. 


Al-cae'-us. 


69. 


An-ti'-o-chus XIII., 


570. 


A-lee'-tas. 




A-si-at'-i-cus. 


500. 


Al-ex-an'-der. 


297. 


An-tip'-pus. 


336. 


Al-e^-an'-der. 


1984. 


Ap'-o-phis. 


297. 


Al-ex-an'-der. 


594. 


A'-pri-es. . 


105. 


Alex. Jan-nae'-u? 


251. 


A-ra'-tus. 


578. 


A-ma'-sis 







96 



ON THE CHART OF ANCIENT HISTORY. 



R. C. 




B. c. 




747. 


Ar-ba'-ces, or 
Ar'-ba-ces. 


44. 


Bru'-tus 


415. 


Ar-che-la'-us. 


56. 


Cae'sar. 


212. 


Ar-chi-me'-des. 


570. 


Cam-by'-ses. 


680. 


Ar-dy'-es. 


528. 


Cain-by'-ses. 


106. 


Ar-is-to-bu'-lus I. 


390. 


Ca-mil'-lus. 


67. 


Ar-is-to-bu'-lus II, 


735. 


Can-dau'-les. 


750. 


A-ris-to-de'-mus, 


795. 


Car'-a-nus. 


340. 


Ar'-is-to-tle. 


317. 


Cas-san'-der. 


690. 


Ar-gae'-us. 


50. 


Ca-tul'-lus. 


256. 


Ar-sa'-ces, or 


1556. 


Ce'-crops. 




Ar'-sa-ces. 


1348. 


Ce'-crops II. 


217. 


Ar-sa'-ces II. 


648. 


Chyn-i-la'-darL 


464. 


Ar-ta ba'-nus. 


600. 


Chi'-lo. 


217. 


Ar-ta-ba'-nus. 


63. 


Cic'-e-ro. 


464. 


Ar-ta-xerx-'es. 


470. 


Ci'-raon. 


404. 


Ar-ta-xerx'-es, 


456. 


Cin-cin-na'-tus 




Mne'-mon. 


400. 


Cle-ar'-chus. 


358. 


Ar-ta-xerx'-es III., 


81. 


Cle-o-pa'-tra I 




O'-chus. 


55. 


Cle-o-pa'-tra II. 


955. 


A'-sa. 


1069. 


Co'-drus. 


207. 


As'-dru-bal. 


770. 


Cce'-nus. 


2217. 


Ash'-ur. 


509. 


Col-la-ti'-nus. 


595. 


As-ty'-a-ges. 


482. 


Cor-i-o-la'-nus. 


884. 


Ath-a-li'-ah. 


776. 


Co-roe'-bus 


30. 


Au-gus'-tus. 


56. 


Cras'-sus. 


809. 


Az-a-ri'-ah. 


562. 


Croe'-sus. 






635. 


Cy-ax'-ares 


953. 


Ba-a'-sha. 


561. 


Cy-ax'-a-res II. 


980. 


Ba-le-a'-zar. 


559. 


Cy'-rus I. 


1285. 


Ba'-rak. 


400. 


Cy'-rus II. 


747. 


Bel'-e-sis. 






555. 


Bel-shaz'-zar. 


555. 


Dan'-iel. 


900. 


Ben'-ha-dad IF. 


1480. 


Dar'-da-nus. 


830. 


Ben'-ha-dad III. 


521. 


Da-ri'-us. 


65. 


Ber-e-ni'-ce. 


423. 


Da-ri'-us. 


307. 


Bo-rail'-car. 


336. 


Da-ri'-us. 


390. 


Bren'-nus. 


490. 


Da'-tis. 


509. 


Bru'-tus. 


1055. 


Da'-vid. 



98 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



D. C. 

1518. Deu-ca'-li-on. 
1285. Deb'-o-rah. 

710. Dej'-o-ces. 

1G2. De-me'-tri-us. 

14G. De-me'-tri-us II. 

338. De-mos'-the-nes 

870. Di'-do. 

340. Di-og'-e-nes. 

624. Dra'-co. 

2G0. Du-il'-li-us. 

1343. Eg'-lon. 

1325. E'-hud. 

930. E'-lah. 

1452. E-le-a'-zer. 

453. E-li'-a-shib. 

1156. E'-li. 

900. E-li'-jah. 

888. E-li'-sha. 

371. E-pam-i-non'-das. 

1398. E-rech'-the-us. 

1449. Er-ich-tho'-ni-us. 

456. Es'-ther. 

386. Eu'-clid. 

300. Eu'-clid. 

430. Eu-rip-i'-des. 

561. E'-vil Mer-o'-dach. 

600. E-ze'-ki-el. 

467. Ez'-ra. 

280. Fa-bric'-i-us. 

1245. Gid'-e-on. 

1063. Go-li'-ath. 

133. Grac'-chus. Tib. 

121 Grac'-chus. Ca'\'-us. 

718 Gy'-ges. 

761 Hal-y-at'-tes. 



B. C. 

482. 

260. 

218. 

860. 

1285. 

1184. 

37. 

445. 

500. 

900. 

726. 
1070. 
1055. 

524. 

524. 

900. 
15. 

730. 

672. 

135. 

1182. 
1314. 
1896. 
760. 
1055. 
1910. 



Ha-mil'-car. 

Ha-mil'-car. 

Han-ni'-bal. 

Haz'-a-el. 

He'-ber. 

Hel'-en. 

Her'-od. 

Ile-rod'-o-tus. 

Her-a-cli'-tus. 

Ile'-si-od. 

Ilez-e-ki'-ah. 

Hi'-ram. 

Hi'-ram II. 

Hip'-pi-as. 

Hip-par'-chus. 

Ho'-mer. 

Hor'-ace. 

Hos-e'-a. 

Hos-til'-i-us. 

Hyr-ca'-nus. 

Ib'-zan. 

Il'-lus. 

l'-sa-ac. 

I'-sai'-ah. 

Ish'-bo-sheth 

Ish'-ma-el. 



1314. Ja'-bin. 
1837. Ja'-cob. 
1285. Ja'-el. 
1210. Ja'-ir. 

175. Ja'-son. 

896. Je-ho'-ram. 

889. Je-ho'-ram. 

914. Je-hosh'-a-phat. 

840. Je-ho'-ash. 

826. Je-ho'-ash. 

609. Je-ho'-a-haz. 



ON THE CHART OF 


ANCIENT HISTORY. 9 


B. C. 


B. C. 


609. Je-hoi'-a-kim 


406. Ly-san'-der. 


598. Je-hoi'-a-kim. 


301. Ly-sim'-a-chus. 


413. Je-hoi'-a-da. 




884, Je'-hu. 


30. Mae-ce'-nas. 


1188. Jeph'-thah. 


440. Mal'-a-chi. 


625. Jer-e-mi'-ah. 


697. Ma-nas -seh. 


975. Jer-o-bo'-am. 


276. Ma-nas'-seh. 


825. Jer-o-bo'-am II 


382. Man'-li-us. 


1531. Jeth'-ro. 


479. Mar-do'-ni-us. 


918. Jez'-e-bel. 


100. Ma'-ri-us. 


1023. Jo'-ab. 


1912. Mel-chiz'-e-dek. 


840. Jo'-ash. 


771. Men'-a-hem. 


878. Jo'-ash 


172. Men-e-la'-us. 


373. Jo-han'-nan. 


1196. Men-e-la'-us. 


800. Jo'-nah. 


2188. Me'-nes. 


1055. Jon'- a- than. 


2188. Miz'-ra-im. 


160. Jon'-a-than. 


1577. Mi'-a-mum. 


1745. Jo'-seph. 


490. Mil-ti'-a-des. 


1451. Josh'-u-a. 


89. Mith-ri-da'-tes. 


641. Jo-si'-ah. 


156. Mith-ri-da'-ies I. 


759. Jo'-tham. 


1571. Mo'-ses. 


165- Ju'-das. 




341. Jad-du'-a 


626. INTa-bo-po-las'-sar. 


668. Ju'-dith. 


954. Na'-dab. 


111. Ju-gur'-tha. 


605. Neb-u-chad-nez ; - zar 




616. Ne'-chus. 


1853. Ke-tu'-rah. 


455. Ne-he-mi'-ah. 




560. Ner-i-glis'-sar. 


1760. La'-ban. 


207. Ne'-ro. 


1260. La-om'-e-don 


1194. Nes'-tor. 


1760. Le'-ah. 


2217. Nim'-rod. 


480. Le-on'-i-das. 


715. Nu'-ma. 


43. Lep'-i-dus. 




1920. Lot. 


43. Oc-ta'-vius. 


369. Lu'-ci-us Sex'-tus. 


929. Om'-ri. 


130. Lu-cil'-i-us. 


248. O-ni'-as. 


509 Lu-cre'-ti-a. 


400. O-res'-tes. 


60. Lu-cre'-ti-us. 


1405. Oth-ni'-el. 


884. Ly-cur'-gus. 





90 



100 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



B. C. 




B. c. 




1438 


Pan -di-on. 


1856. 


Re-bek'-ah. 


1308 


Pan'-di-on II, 


255. 


Reg'-u-lus. 


1196. 


Par'-is. 


975. 


Re-ho-bo'-am. 


423. 


Par-y-sa'-tis. 


753. 


Rom'-u-lus. 


479. 


Pau-sa'-ni-as. 






390. 


Pau-sa'-ni-as. 


773. 


Sa-dy'-a-tes. 


761. 


Pe-ka-hi'-ah. 


631. 


Sa-dy'-a-tes. 


759. 


Pe -kali. 


40. 


Sal'-lust. 


1307 


Pe'-lops. 


1120. 


Sam'-u-el. 


720. 


Per-dic'-cas I. 


1137. 


Sam'-son. 


450. 


Per-dic'-cas II. 


455. 


San-bal'-lat. 


370. 


Per-dic'-cas III. 


1040. 


San-co-ni'-a-thon. 


465. 


Per'-i-cles. 


668. 


Sa-os-du-chi'-nus. 


178. 


Per'-se-us. 


610. 


Sap'-pho. 


1700. 


Pha'-ra-oh. 


1859. 


Sa'-rah. 


420. 


Phar-na-ba'-ses. 


648. 


Sa'-rac. 


360. 


Phil'-ip. 


771. 


Sar-dan-a-pa'-lus. 


324. 


Phil'-ip. 


1095. 


Saul. 


188. 


Phil-o-pce'-men 


1546. 


Sca-man'-der. 


339. 


Pho'-ci-on. 


203. 


Scip'-i-o. 


656. 


Phra-or'-tes. 


133. 


Scip'-i-o. 


470. 


Pin'-dar. 


312. 


Se-leu'-cus. 


560. 


Pi-sis'-tra-tus. 


246. 


Se-leu'-cus 11. 


360. 


Pla'-to. 


226. 


Se-leu'-cus III. 


140. 


Po-lyb'-i-us. 


2100. 


Se-mir'-a-mis. 


66 


Pom'-pey. 


712. 


Sen-na-che'-rib. 


328. 


Po'-rus. 


369. 


Sex'-tus Lu'-ci-us. 


1224. 


Pri'-a~mus. 


728. 


Shal-ma-ne'-zar. 


525. 


Psam-men'-i-tus. 


771. 


Shal'-lum. 


324. 


Ptol'-e-my. 


1320. 


Sham'-gar. 


284. 


Ptol'-e-my. 


978. 


Shi'-shak. 


246. 


Ptol'-e-my. 


2000. 


Si'-don. 


221. 


Ptol'-e-my. 


299. 


Si'-mon. 


880. 


Pyg-ma'-li-on. 


143. 


Si'-mou. 


280. 


Pyr'-rhus. 


1285. 


Sis'-e-ra. 


525. 


Py-thag'-o-ras. 


522. 


Smer'-dis. 






420. 


Soc'-ra-tes. 


1760 


Ra'-chel. 


424. 


Sog-di-a'-nus. 


1577 


Ram'-a-ses 


1015. 


Sol'-o-mon. 



ON THE CHART OF ANCIENT HISTORY 



101 



I. C. 



594 


So'-lon. 


1194. 


U-lys'-ses 


430 


Soph'-o-cles. 


809. 


Uz-zi'-ah. 


73. 


Spar'-ta-cus 






100. 


Syl'-la. 


40. 


Var'-ro. 






456. 


Vash'-ti. 


616. 


Tar'-quin. 


25. 


Vir'-gil. 


534. 


Tar'-quin. 






363. 


Te'-chos. 


249. 


Xan-tip'-pus 


570. 


Tha'-les, 


400. 


Xen'-o-phon 


480. 


The-mis'-to-cles. 


485. 


Xerx'-es I. 


534. 


Thes'-pis. 


425. 


Xerx'-es II. 


1825. 


Thet-mo'-sis. 






400. 


Thu-cyd'-i-des. 


840. 


Zech-a-ri'-ah 


750. 


Thu'-ry-mas. 


772. 


Zech-a-ri'-ah. 


747. 


Tig'-lath Pi-le'-ser. 


596. 


Zed-e-ki'-ah. 


420. 


Tiss-a-pher'-nes. 


520. 


Ze-rub'-ba-bel 


1233. 


To'-la. 


941. 


Ze'-ra. 


672. 


Tul'-lus. 


929. 


Zim'-ri. 






516. 


Zoph'-y-rus. 



A KEY 

TO THE NAMES MENTIONED ON THE CHART OF 
MODERN HISTORY. 



A.D. 


A.D. 


687 Abal-Malil 


1183 Adronicus II 


1586 Abbas I 


254 iEmilianus 


1043 Abbas II 


946 Agapetus II 


1732 Abbas III 


678 A gat ho 


1848 Abbas Pacha 


591 Agilulphus 


1774 Abdal Ilamud 


65 Agrippa 


889 Abdalla 


81 Agricola 


683 Abdallah 


1845 Aguilar 


1836 Abd-el-Kader 


570 Aidan Aldan 


755 Abderrahman I 


807 Al Amin 


822 Abderrahman II 


410 Alaric 


912 Abderrahman III 


1513 Albany 


1861 Abdul Aziz 


1363 Albert 


1839 Abdul Medjid 


1298 Albert I 


1250 Abel 


1438 Albert II 


1125 Abelard 


1525 Albert 


632 Abu Beker 


1840 Albert 


749 Abul Abbas 


1560 Albert Frederic 


787 Aehaius 


194 Albinus 


1603 Achmetl 


568 Alboin 


1691 Achmet II 


222 Alexander Severus 


1703 Achmet III 


911 Alexander I 


1774 Achmet IV 


1001 Alexander II 


615 Adaloadua 


1159 Alexander III 


1789 Adams John 


1254 Alexander IV 


L825 Adams J Q 


1409 Alexander V 


072 Adeodatus 


1492 Alexander VI 


1291 Adoiphus 


1655 Alexander VII 


lt'i 11 Adoiphus Gustavus 


1689 Alexander VIII 


1751 Adoiphus Frederic 


1214 Alexander II 


117 Adrian 


1249 Alexander III 


772 Adrian I 


1501 Alexander 


807 Adrian II 


1801 Alexander 


884 Adrian III 


1855 Alexander II. 


1154 Adrian IV 


1081 Alexius I Comnenus 


1521 Adrian VI 


1180 Alexius II Comnenus 



102 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED. ETC. 



103 



1203 Alexius IV 
1645 Alexis 

872 Alfred 
1841 Alonso 

831 Alpin 
1072 Alphonso VI 
1000 Alphonso V 
1112 Alphonso I 
1126 Alphonso VIII 
1158 Alphonso IX 
1104 Alphonso I 
1162 Alphonso II 
1211 Alphonso II 
1246 Alphonso III 
1252 Alphonso X 
1285 Alphonso III 
1325 Alphonso IV 
1312 Alphonso XI 
1327 Alphonso IV 
1438 Alphonso 
1656 Alphonso VI 

961 Alhakim 

660 Al Hasan 

655 Ali 

991 Al Kader 

932 Al Kaher 
1031 Al Kaymen 

813 Al Mamun 

754 Al Mansor 

976 Almansor 

892 Al Motaded 

868 Al Mohtadi 
901 Al Moktasi 
907 Al Moktador 
939 Al Moktaki 

861 Al Montaser 
865 Al Motaz 
944 Al Moti 
779 Al Modi 

943 Al Mosktacsi 

862 Al Mostaim 

869 Al Motamed 
833 Al Motasem 
846 Al Motawakkel 



933 Al Radi 
785 Al Raschid 

1852 Alsina 
973 Al Tay 

1854 Alvarez 

841 Al Wathek 

900 Amarawdh 

702 Amberkeleth 

384 Ambrose 

465 Ambrosius 
1846 Ampudia 
1360 Amurath I 
1421 Amurath II 
1574 Amurath III 
1623 Amurath IV 

491 Anastasius I 

713 Anastasius II 

912 Anastasius III 
1153 Anastasius IV 
1860 Anderson 
1829 Andrews 
1183 Andronicus I Com. 
1282 Andronicus II 
1328 Andronicus 
1185 Angelus Isaac 
1730 Anne 

1491 Anne of Brittany 
1533 Anne Boleyn 
1702 Anne 

712 Ansprandus 

584 Antharis 
1846 Antonelli 

138 Antoninus Piua 

161 Antoninus M A 

698 Apsimarus 
1260 Aquinas Thomas 

1853 Arago 
395 Arcadius 

1825 Arce 

2 Archelaus 
1003 Ardoin 

653 Aribertus I 

700 Aribertus II 

625 Ariovaldus 



104 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



A.D. 



1851 Arista 


1700 Bayle 


316 Arius 


1379 Beatrice 


1600 Arminius 


1805 Beauharnais 


887 Arnold 


1170 Becket 


18 Artabanus III 


700 Bede 


81 Artabanus IV 


534 Belisarius 


212 Artabanus V 


1828 Beltranca 


223 Artaxerxes 


1849 Belxu 


508 Arthur 


1849 Bern 


1849 Ascasubi 


683 Benedict II 


749 Astolphus 


855 Benedict III 


412 Ataulphus 


900 Benedict IV 


526 Athalaric 


964 Benedict V 


335 Athanasius 


972 Benedict VI 


925 Athelstan 


974 Benedict VII 


177 Athenagoras 


1012 Benedict VIII 


467 Athenius 


1033 Benedict IX 


1851 Audubon J J 


1303 Benedict XI 


400 Augustine 


1334 Benedict XII 


475 Augustulus 


1724 Benedict XIII 


597 Austin or Augustin 


1740 Benedict XIV 


1840 Austin 


1827 Benevente 


1000 Avicenna 


1836 Benham 


455 Avitus 


1836 Benton 




889 Berenger 


1600 Bacon Sir Francis 


950 Berenger II 


1260 Bacon Roger 


982 Bermuclo II 


1849 Baez 


1810 Bernadotte 


1389 Bajazet I 


1147 Bernard 


1481 Bajazet II 


1860 Berro 


238 Balbinus 


1000 Bertha 


1204 Baldwin I 


1848 Berzelius 


1228 Baldwin II 


1862 Biot 


1285 Baliol 


1280 Birger 


1844 Ballivian 


1656 Blake 


1634 Baltimore 


1865 Blanco 


1152 Barbarossa 


1815 Blucher 


1863 Barrios 


1848 Blum 


1828 Barrundia 


1360 Boccaccio 


867 Basil I 


1700 Boileau 


976 Basil II 


1000 Boleslaus I 


366 Basil 


1058 Boleslaus II 


1848 Batthyany 
1236 Batu Khan 


1102 Boleslaus III 


1146 Boleslaus IV 



ON THE CHART OF MODERN HISTORY. 



106 



A.D. 


A.D. 


1227 Boleslaus V 


1844 Campbell 


1813 Bolivar 


1865 Canby 


1797 Bonaparte 


1823 Canning 


1861 Bonaparte Jerome 


1016 Canute II 


1806 Bonaparte Joseph 


1036 Canute III 


1807 Bonaparte Louis 


1076 Canute IV 


606 Boniface III 


1148 Canute V 


607 Boniface IV 


1182 Canute VI 


618 Boniface V 


211 Caracalla 


1294 Boniface VIII 


1838 Carillo 


1389 Boniface IX 


283 Carinus 


1865 Booth 


877 Carloman 


1567 Bothwell 


1835 Carlos Don 


1836 Bowie 


1855 Carrera 


1818 Boyer 


282 Cams 


1690 Boyle 


1041 Casimirl 


1755 Braddock 


1178 Casimir II 


1575 Brahe Tjcho 


1333 Casimir III 


1857 Breckenridge J C 


1447 Casimir IV 


1859 Brown John 


1853 Castellon 


1306 Bruce 


1859 Castilla 


1285 Bruce 


1850 Catanas 


1857 Buchanan J 


1725 Catharine [ 


1841 Buitrago 


1762 Catharine [I 


1844 Bulnes 


1533 Catharine 


1860 Bunsen 


982 Cadwallen 


1801 Burr 


1847 Cavaignac 


1777 Burgoyne 


1861 Cavour 


1790 Burns 


1143 Celestine II 


1780 Burke 


1191 Celestine III 


1828 Bustamente 


1241 Celestine IV 




1294 Celestine V 


486 Cabades 


519 Cerdic 


1848 Cabrera 


70 Cerinthus 


1846 Cadiz 


1500 Cervantes 


613 Cad wan 


1847 Chalmers 


634 Cadwall 


1852 Chamorro 


678 Cadwallader 


1849 Changarnier 


1825 Calhoun J C 


562 Charibert 


36 Caligula 


768 Charles or Ch u 


670 Calinicus 


1821 Charles Felix 


1540 Calvin 


714 Charles Martev 


1119 Calixtus II 


840 Charles II 


1455 Calixtus III 


875 Charles Bald 



jagne 



106 



A. KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



A.D. 

880 Charles Fat 
875 Charles II 

881 Charles II 
888 Charles III 

1349 Charles IV 

1321 Charles IV 

1364 Charles V 

1380 Charles VI 

1422 Charles VII 

1481 Charles VIII 

1448 Charles VIII 

1G54 Charles X 

12-65 Charles of Anjou 

1660 Charles XI 

1697 Charles XII 

1809 Charles XIII 

1516 Charles I or 

1519 Charles V 

1663 Charles II 

1761 Charles II 

1781 Charles IV 

1730 Charles Emanuel III 

1720 Charles VI 

1711 Charles VI 

1741 Charles VII 

1560 Charles IX 

1824 Charles X 

1831 Charles Albert 

1859 Charles XV 

1660 Charles II 

1625 Charles I 

1864 Chase 

1756 Chatham 

1390 Chaucer 

511 Childebcrt 

695 Childebert III 

458 Childeric I 

747 Childeric III 

473 Chilperic 

562 Chilperic 

715 Chilperic II 

100 Chosroes I 

532 Chosroes II 

591 Chosroes III 



1820 Christophe 
1252 Christopher I 
1319 Christopher II 
1439 Christopher III 
1448 Christian I 
1513 Christian II 
1533 Christian III 
1588 Christian IV 
1670 Christian V 
1730 Christian VI 
1766 Christian VII 
1839 Christian VIII 
1863 Christian IX 
1632 Christiana 
1835 Christina 

398 Chrysostom 
1647 Chun Chi 
41 Claudius 

268 Claudius II 

45 Claudius Felix 
1851 Clay Henry 

95 Clement 
1046 Clement II 
1187 Clement III 
1265 Clement IV 
1305 Clement V 
1342 Clement 
1378 Clement VI 
1523 Clement VII 
1591 Clement VIII 
1667 Clement IX 
1669 Clement X 
1700 Clement XI 
1730 Clement XII 
1758 Clement XIII 
.1769 Clement XIV 

573 Clephes 
1809 Clinton George 
1825 Clinton De Witt 

428 Clodion 

511 Clodomir 

511 Clotaire I 

584 Clotaire II 

065 Clotaire III 



ON THE CHART OF MODERN HISTORY 



107 



486 Clovis 
638 Clovis II 
691 Clovis III 

1858 Clyde 
1835 Coleridge 
1500 Coligni 

1859 Colima 
1492 Columbus 

180 Commodus 

1856 Comonfort 
1057 Comnenus Isaac 
1118 Comnenus John 

1857 Comte 
755 Conan 

1854 Concha 

1560 Conde 
819 Congal III 

1024 Conrad II 

1138 Conrad III 

1250 Conrad IV 

1226 Conrad 

1250 Conrad 
336 Constans 
642 Constans II 
306 Constantine I 
336 Constantine II 
292 Con^tantius 
336 Constantius II 
642 Constantine I 
741 Constantine V 
781 Constantine VI 
708 Constantine 
858 Constantine II 
911 Constantine VI 
942 Constantine VII 
986 Constantine VIII 
903 Constantine III 

1042 Constantine IX 

1059 Constantine X 

1448 Constantine XII 

1851 Cooper J F 
586 Coreticus 

1675 Corneille 

1778 Cornwall 



1492 Cosmo de Medici 
1219 Courtenay dc Robert 
1780 Cowper 
1547 Cranmer 

584 Crida 
1836 Crocket 
1649 Cromwell O 
1658 Cromwell R 

686 Cunibert 
45 Cuspius Fadus 
1060 Cuthu Muses 

250 Cyprian 

184 D'Acha 

628 Dagobert I 

638 Dagobert II 

711 Dagobert I 
1845 Dallas G M 
1300 Dante 
1505 Darnley 

1860 Darqui 
1124 David 
1329 David II 

1861 Davis J 
249 Decius 

1800 Degollado 
1852 Derby 

1835 De Rosas 
1838 De Sacy 
1040 Des Cartes 

750 Desiderius 

1804 Dessalines 

615 Deus Debit 

1836 Dickinson 
193 Didius 

1755 Dieskau 

284 Diocletian 

516 Dionysius 
1279 Dionysius Just 
1830 D'Istria 
81 Domitian 

636 Donald IV 

857 Donald V 

892 Donald VI 



108 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



A.D. 


A.D. 


1093 Donald VII 


1135 Eric IV 


824 Dongal 


1139 Eric V 


676 Dorms I 


1242 Eric VI 


974 Donus II 


1259 Eric VII 


1435 Don Alvaro de Luna 


1286 Eric VIII 


1820 Don Pedro 


1412 Eric XIII 


1831 Don Pedro II 


1560 Eric XIV 


1075 Don Roderigo 


1835 Espartero 


1861 Douglas S A 


1580 Essex 


1400 Douglass 


730 Etfinus 


1690 Dryden 


857 Ethelbald 


1060' Ducas 


860 Ethelbert 


1863 Duenas 


866 Ethelred I 


968 Duff 


978 Ethelred II 


1031 Duncan 


838 Ethelwolf 


1034 Duncan 


874 Ethus 


950 Dunstan 


466 Euaric 




888 Eudes or Od 


1852 Echenique 


364 Eugene I 


959 Edgar 


419 Eugene II 


1100 Edgar 


535 Eugene III 


941 Edmund 


688 Eugene V 


1016 Edmund II 


692 Eugene VI 


946 Edred 


704 Eugene Vll 


913 Edwall II 


761 Eugene VII 


992 Edwall III 


1706 Eugene 


1041 Edward 


655 Eugenius I 


1272 Edward I 


824 Eugenius II 


1307 Edward II 


1145 Eugenius III 


1327 Edward III 


1431 Eugenius IV 


1461 Edward IV 


360 Eusebius 


1483 Edward V 




1547 Edward VI 


1862 Farragut 


Edward IV 


60 Felix 


819 Egbert 


1700 Fenelon 


1863 Elgin 


1584 Feodor 


1558 Elizabeth 


1676 Feodor 


1741 Elizabeth 


650 Ferchard II 


491 Ella 


1035 Ferdinand I 


1664 Elliott 


1157 Ferdinand II 


1500 Emanuel 


1217 Ferdinand III 


541 Eraric 


1295 Ferdinand IV 


1595 Erasmus 


1367 Ferdinand 


1095 Eric III 


1412 Ferdinand I 



ON THE CHART OF MODERN HISTORY. 



109 



1479 Ferdinand 
1556 Ferdinand I 
10 17 Ferdinand II 
1637 Ferdinand III 
1759 Ferdinand IV 
1825 Ferdinand II 
1808 Ferdinand VII 

1835 Ferdinand 
1010 Ferdusi 

404 Fergus II 
764 Fergus III 

1843 Ferrera 
60 Festus 

1849 Fillmore M 

1836 Flores 
1865 Flores 

276 Florianus 
1758 Forbes 
1842 Forier 

891 Formosus 
1800 Fox 
1814 Francia 

1745 Francis I 
1792 Francis II 
1515 Francis I 
1559 Francis II 

Francis 
1825 Francis I 
1848 Francis Joseph 
1859 Francis II 
1752 Franklin 
1152 Frederic I 
1212 Frederic II 
1440 Frederic III 
1523 Frederic I 
1559 Frederic II 
1648 Frederic III 
1699 Frederic IV 

1746 Frederic V 
1808 Frederic VI 
1617 Frederic V 
1746 Frederic VI 
1848 Frederic VII 
1640 Frederic Wm 



1688 Frederic III 

1713 Frederic Wm I 
1740 Frederic II 
1786 Frederic Wm II 
1797 Frederic Wm III 
1840 Frederic Wm IV 
1720 Frederic 

1697 Frederic Augustus 
1733 Frederic Augustus II 
1823 Freyre 
1390 Froissart 

1821 Gainza 
68 Galba 

180 Galen 

300 Galerius 
1630 Galileo 
1845 Gallegos 

261 Gallienus 

251 Gallus 
1829 Gamarra 
1806 Gambier 
1035 Garcias 

1862 Garibaldi 
1845 Gaul 
1859 Geffrard 
1118 Gelasius II 

1714 George I 
1727 George II 
1760 George III 
1820 George IV 

1863 George I 
1218 Gengh Khan 

427 Genseric 

18 Germanicus 
1307 Gesler 
18 Gessius Florius 

211 Geta 
1790 Gibbon 
1852 Gioberti 

473 Glucerius 
1097 Godfrey 
1598 GodunowB 
1832 Goethe 



110 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



A.D. 

481 Gondebaud 
1035 Gonzales 
238 Gordian 

1862 Gordon 
1849 Gorgej 
1861 Gortschakoff 

45 Gotarzes 
1848 Gough 

1863 Grant U S 
L860 Grant Sir Hope 

375 Gratian 
590 Gregory I 
715 Gregory II 
731 Gregory III 
875 Gregory Great 
827 Gregory IV 

1000 Gregory V 

L044 Gregory VI 

1073 Gregory VII 

1187 Gregory VIII 

1227 Gregory IX 

1271 Gregory X 

1370 Gregory XI 

1406 Gregory XII 
1582 Gregory XIII 

1590 Gregory XIV 
1621 Gregory XV 
1831 Gregory XVI 
1830 Grey Minister 

662 Grimoaldus 

561 Grotan 
1635 Grotius 
1855 Guardiola 
1829 Guerrero 
1845 Guerrier 
1057 Guiscard Robert 
1560 Guise Duke of 

660 Gundebertus 

436 Gunderic 

413 Gundicar 
1523 Gustavus I 
1611 Gustavus Adolphus 
1771 Gustavus III 

8&9 Guy 



A.D. 

1845 Guzman 

1861 Hamlin 
1035 Harold I 
1066 Harold II 
1074 Harold VII 
785 Haroun Alraschid 

1841 Harrison W II 
787 Hashem 

1849 Haynau 

1842 Heeren 
1831 Hegel 

540 Heldibadus 

218 Heliogabalus 

447 Hengist 

920 Henry I 
1002 Henry II 
1039 Henry III 
1056 Henry IV 
1106 Henry. V 
1190 Henry VI 
1309 Henry VII 
1031 Henry I 
1547 Henry II 
1574 Henry III 
1588 Henry IV 
1100 Henry I 
1154 Henry II 
1216 Henry III 
1399 Henry IV 
1413 Henry V 
1422 Henry VI 
1485 Henry VII 
1506 Henry VIII 
1573 Henry of Valois 
1578 Henry Cardinal 
1625 Henry Frederic 
1095 Henry 
1214 Henry I 
1206 Henry 
1390 Henry III 
1368 Henry II 
1454 Henry IV 
610 Heraclius 



ON THE CHART OF MODERN HISTORY. 



Ill 



A. 7). 


A.D. 


641 Heracleonas 


1676 Innocent XI 


640 Heraclius II 


1691 Innocent XII 


1628 Harvey 


1721 Innocent XIII 


1841 llerran 


58 Irenseus 


1847 Ilerredia 


781 Irene 


1844 Ilerrera 


1859 Irving 


723 Hesham 


1479 Isabella 


1850 Hien-Fung 


1833 Isabella II 


1073 Hildebrand 


1501 Ismael 


744 Hildebraadus 


1821 Iturbide 


976 Ilixem 


1500 Ivan Basilowitz 


1030 Hixem III 


1533 Ivan IV 


625 Honorius I 


1682 Ivan V 


1124 Honorius II 


1740 Ivan VI 


1226 Honorius III 




1285 Honorius IV 


1815 Jackson Andrew 


272 Hormisdas I 


1819 Jacobi 


632 Hormisdas II 


948 Jago 


447 Horsa 


1213 James I 


1837 Houston 


1291 James II 


1794 Howe 


1424 James I 


940 Howell Dha 


1437 James II 


950 Hugh 


1460 James III 


987 Hugh Capet 


1487 James IV 


1766 Hume 


1513 James V 


1837 Hunt Memucan 


1568 James VI 


1415 Huss John 


1603 James I 


1694 Hussein 


948 Javaf 




1794 Jay John 


1640 Ibrahim 


1776 Jefferson 


1832 Ibrahim Pacha 


1849 Jeffrey 


686 Idwallo 


1416 Jerome 


1000 Ignatius 


1813 Jervis John 


441 Indigertes II 


1849 Jimenes 


958 Indulf 


1863 Jimenez 


1130 Innocent II 


1428 Joan of Arc 


1194 Innocent III 


640 John IV 


1243 Innocent IV 


685 John V 


1276 Innocent V 


701 John VI 


1352 Innocent VI 


705 John VII 


1404 Innocent VII 


872 John VIII 


1484 Innocent VIII 


897 John IX 


1591 Innocent IX 


914 John X 


1644 Innocent X 


931 John XI 



112 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



955 John XII 
965 John XIII 
985 John XIV 
985 John XV 
1003 John XVI 

1003 John XVII 

1004 John XVIII 
1024 John XIX 
1276 John XX 
1316 John XXI 
1316 John I 
1350 John II 

1200 John Lackland 
1118 John I Com 
1341 John Paleologus 
1341 John Cantacusenus 
1385 John I Great 
1406 John II 
1424 John II Pal 
1481 John I 
1 492 John Albert 
1 481 John II the Perfect 
1648 John Casimir 
1568 John III 
1521 John III 
1640 John IV 
1706 JohD V 
1792 John VI 
1770 Johnson 
1865 Johnson Andrew 
1837 Johnson R M 
1862 Johnston A S 
1750 Joseph Emanuel 
1705 Joseph I 
1765 Joseph II 
70 Josephus 

363 Jovian 
1858 Juarez 

361 Julian 
1503 Julius II 
1549 Julius III 

150 Justin Martyr 

527 Justinian I 

565 Justin II 



685 Justinian 
. 120 Juvenal 

1661 Karri Hi 

1846 Kearney 
604 Kenneth I 
834 Kenneth II 
990 Kenneth III 

995 Kenneth the Grim 
1520 Kepler 
1796 Kia King 
1735 Kien Long 

568 Kinathal 
1853 King W E, 
1790 Klopstock 
1560 Knox 
1848 Kossuth 

300 Lactantius 
1079 Ladislaus I 
1139 Ladislaus II 
1305 Ladislaus IV 
1386 Ladislaus V 
1434 Ladislaus VI 
1632 Ladislaus VII 
1824 Lafayette 
1827 La Mar 

1847 Lamartine 
913 Landon 

1848 Latour 
1846 Leado 
1862 Lee 
1700 Leibnitz 
1848 Lemberg 

457 Leo 
716 Leo III 
775 Leo IV 
813 Leo V 
886 Leo VI 
795 Leo III 
847 Leo IV 
903 Leo V 
928 Leo VI 
936 Leo VII 



ON THE CHART OF MODERN HISTORY. 



113 



964 Leo VIII 


1314 Louis X 


1513 Leo X 


1461 Louis XI 


1605 Leo XI 


1496 Louis XII 


1823 Leo XII 


1610 Louis XIII 


946 Leolf 


1643 Louis XIV 


695 Leontius 


1715 Louis XV 


1837 Leopardi 


1774 Louis XVI 


1659 Leopold I 


1814 Louis XVIII 


1790 Leopold II 


1861 Louis I 


1831 Leopold 


1830 Louis Philippo 


1864 Leopold II 


1725 Lovewell 


1202 Lesko 


1144 Lucius II 


1299 Lesko 


1181 Lucius III 


355 Liberius 


712 Luitprandus 


306 Licinius 


1517 Luther 


1855 Linarez 


1862 Lyons 


1860 Lincoln A 




1845 Lindo 


1859 Macaulay 


1760 Linnaeus 


1040 Macbeth 


A D Livy 


1518 Machiavel 


1282 Llewelyn 


217 Macrinus 


1690 Locke 


1045 Magnus 


1841 Lopez 


1276 Magnus Ladislaus 


1850 Lopez 


1319 Magnus III 


1849 Lopez J H 


1722 Mahmud 


840 Lofliaire I 


612 Mahomet 


945 Lothaire 


852 Mahomet I 


954 Lothaire 


1412 Mahomet I 


il25 Lothaire II 


1451 Mahomet II 


840 Louis 


1595 Mahomet III 


813 Louis I 


1649 Mahomet IV 


855 Louis II 


1730 Mahomet V 


877 Louis II 


1808 Mahomet VI 


79 Louis III 


457 Majoriam 


936 Louis IV 


943 Malcolm I 


986 Louis V 


1004 Malcolm II 


1137 Louis V 


1057 Malcolm III 


1106 Louis VI 


1153 Malcolm IV 


1370 Louis VII 


668 Malduin 


1223 Louis VIII 


1843 Malespin 


1314 Louis V 


578 Malgo 


1040 Louis VI 


1855 Mallarino 


1137 Louis VII 


1268 Manfred 


1226 Louis IX 


1143 Manuel Com 



10 



114 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



1555 Marcellus 
450 Marcian 
134 Marcion 

1387 Margaret 

1826 Maria II 

1745 Maria Theresa 

1704 Marlborough 

1837 Marquez 
649 Martin I 
882 Martin II 
942 Martin III 

1281 Martin IV 

1417 Martin V 

1395 Martin 

1859 Martinez 

1542 Mary 

1553 Mary 

1688 Mary 

1777 Mary 

1861 Mason 
1135 Matilda 
1612 Matthias 
1584 Maurice 

582 Mauritius 

1862 Mavrocordato 
655 Mawia 

1193 Maximilian 
1564 Maximilian II 

1863 Maximilian 
235 Maximinus 
312 Maximinus II 
238 Maximus 

455 Maximus 
1831 Mazzini 

1862 M'Clellan 
1813 McDonough 

1863 Meade 

1864 Medina 

1833 MehemetAli 
1529 Melancthon 

1834 Melbourne 
1060 Melech 
1841 Menendez 

448 Merovseus 



684 Merwan I 


744 Merwan II 


818 


Merwin Uriel 


1848 Metternich 


1838 


Mexia 


811 


Michael I 


820 Michael II 


842 Michael III 


1034 Michael IV 


1041 


Michael V 


1261 


Michael Paleologus 


1613 


Michael Komanow 


1669 


Michael Wisiniowiecski 


1025 


Micislaus II 


1173 Micislaus III 


1664 Milton 


1859 


Miramon 


1861 


Mitre 


660 


Moawiyah 


1577 


Mohammed 


1834 Mohammed 


1863 Mohammed Dost 


1849 


Monegas 


1817 


Monroe James 


1746 


Montesquieu 


1853 


Montgomery 


1828 


Monti 


1852 


Monti 


1852 


Moore 


1828 


Morazan 


1859 


Mora 


721 


Mordach 


1863 


Moreno 


1745 


Mosheim 


1845 


Mosquera 


1264 Mountfort 


1849 Moza Mosa 


1864 Murillo 


784 Musa'l Hadi 


1098 


Mustali 


1622 


Mu staph a I 


1095 


Mustapha II 


1757 


Mustapha III 


1807 


Mustapha IV 



ON THE CHART OF MODERN HISTORY. 



V > 



1853 Napier 
1852 Napoleon III 

294 Narsos 
1848 Nasr-ul-deen 
1850 Neander 
1798 Nelson 

473 Nepos 

54 Nero 

96 Nerva 

1862 Nesselrode 

1700 Newton 

802 Nicephorus 

963 Nicephorus Phocas 
1078 Nicephorus 

858 Nicholas I 
1058 Nicholas II 
1288 Nicholas IV 
1447 Nicholas V 
1102 Nicholas 
1826 Nicholas 
1852 Novoa 

482 Obalus 

1840 Obando 
1832 Obegasa 
1852 Obligado 
1337 Occam 
1823 Ochologo 
1843 O'Conneli 

476 Odoacer 

1841 O'Donnell 
571 Offa 

1733 Oglethorpe 
1820 O'Higgins 
1087 Olaus 
1376 Olaus 

472 Olybrius 

\>33 Omar 

717 Omar II 

860 Omar 
1326 Orcham 

914 Ordono II 
1838 Oribe 

250 Origen 



14 Orodes II 

1860 Ortega 
1844 Oscar 

325 Osius 
1857 Ospina 

645 Othman 
1299 Othman I 
1618 Othman II 
1754 Othman III 
69 Otho 

936 Otho I 

973 Otho II 

983 Otho III 
1208 Otho IV 
1834 Otho I 
1849 Oudinot 
1227 Ougtai Khan 
1857 Outram 
A D Ovid 

1815 Packenham 
90 Pacorus 

1839 Paez 

1848 Palma 
1855 Palmerston 
1844 Paredes 

1849 Paredes Mariano 
1859 Pareira 

117 Parthanaspates 

817 Pascal I 
1099 Pascal II 
1656 Pascal 
36 Paul 

757 Paul I 
1464 Paul II 
1534 Paul III 
1555 Paul IV 
1605 PaulV 
1798 Paul 

1840 Pedro II 

1841 Peel 
718 Pelagias 
400 Pelagius 

1847 Peflas 



116 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



1683 PennWm 

687 Pepin d'Heristal 

741 Pepin leBref 
1861 Perez 
1818 Perry 

671 Pertharit 

193 Pertinax 
1095 Peter the Hermit 
1094 Peter I 
1196 Peter II 
1276 Peter III 
1216 Peter de Courtenay 
1350 Peter the Cruel 
1336 Peter IV 
1682 Peter I 
1727 Peter II 
1762 Peter III 
1668 Peter II 
1777 Peter III 
1826 Peter IV 
1853 Peter V 
1807 Petion 
1360 Petrarch 

420 Pharamond 

244 Philip 
1199 Philip 
1060 Philip I 
1180 Philip II 
1271 Philip III 
1285 Philip IV 
1316 Philip V 
1328 Philip VI 
1556 Philip II 
1600 Philip III 
1621 Philip IV 
1700 Philip V 
1676 Philip King 

711 Philipicus Bardane 

602 Phocus 

875 Photius 

13 Phraatices 
1853 Pierce F 
1846 Pierrot 
1458 Pius II 



1503 


Pius III 


1559 


Pius IV 


1565 


Pius V 


1774 


Pius VI 


1800 Pius VII 


1829 


Pius VIII 


1846 


Pius IX 


70 Pliny 


100 


Pliny 


110 Plutarch 


1440 


Poggio 


1845 


Polk J K 


150 


Polycarp 


1735 


Pope 


1814 


Porado 


56 Portius Festus 


1612 


Powhatan 


1865 


Prado 


1804 Preble 


1859 


Prescott 


1137 


Pretronilla 


1758 Prideaux 


1831 


Prieto 


277 


Probus 


1295 


Przemislaus 


135 


Ptolemy 


408 


Pulcheria 


100 Quintilian 


1830 Quiroga 


1852 


Quiroz 


744 Rachisius 


1849 


Radetzky 


1853 


Radowitz 


701 


Ragimbertus 


923 


Ralpho 


927 


Ramirez II 


957 


Ramirez III 


1035 


Ramirez I 


1124 


Ramirez II 


1849 


Ramirez 


1109 


Raymond 


1836 Rebeira 



ON THE CHART OF MODERN HISTORY. 



117 



A.D. 

1240 Reinerius 
1189 Richard I 
1377 Richard II 
1483 Richard III 
1846 Riehe 
1624 Richelieu 
1825 Richter 
1846 Ringgold 
1859 Ritter 
1825 Rivadivia 
1839 Rivera 
1842 Riviera 

922 Robert 
1000 Robert 

1057 Robert Guiscard 

1219 Robert de Courtenay 

1400 Robert of Palatine 

1309 Robert the Wise 

1000 Robert II 

1032 Robert 

1370 Robert II Stuart 

1390 Robert III 

1859 Robles 

1839 Rocafuerte 

720 Roderic I 

843 Roderic II 

652 Rodoaldus 
1273 Rodolph I 
1576 Rodolph II 

923 Rodolph 
1130 Roger II 
1730 Rollin 

919 Romanus I 
1028 Romanus II 
1068 Romanus III 
1704 Rooke 
1862 Rosa 
1827 Rosas 
1862 Rosecrans 
1848 Rossi 

636 Rotharis 
1683 Russel 
1846 Russell 

10* 



1604 Sabinianus 
1171 Saladin 

1846 Salas 
1000 Sancho III 
1063 Sancho Ramirez 
1185 Sancho I 

1157 Sancho II 
1223 Sancho II 
1284 Sancho IV 
1845 Sandoval 
1821 San Martin 
1853 San Martin 
1862 San Ramon 

1833 Santa Anna 
1829 Santa Cruz 

1844 Santana 
1832 Santander 

240 Sapores I 
309 Sapores II 
384 Sapores III 
1466 Scanderbeg 

1845 Schlegel 

1834 Schleiermacher 
1861 Schlosser 
1832 Scott Walter 

1847 Scott Winfield 
1861 Scribe 

1557 Sebastian 
1624 Sefii Mirza 

20 Sejanus 
1512 Selim I 
1566 Selim II 
1789 Selim III 
1000 Seljuk 
55 Seneca 

193 Septimius Severus 

687 Sergius 

844 Sergius II 

904 Sergius III 
1009 Sergius IV 

640 Severinus 

193 Severus Sept 

306 Severus II 

461 Severus 



118 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED 



1862 Seward 
1600 Shakspeare 

1864 Sherman 
527 Sigebert 

1410 Sigismund 
1506 Sigismund I 
1548 Sigismund II 
1587 Sigismund III 
1592 Sigismund 

562 Sigobert I 

384 Siricius 

627 Siroes 

1842 Sismondi 
709 Sissinius 

1471 Sixtus IV 
1585 Sixtus V 
1831 Skrzyneki 
1861 Slidell 

1865 Smith Kirby 
1674 Sobieski 
1851 Socasa 

714 Soliman 
1097 Soliman 
1666 Soliman 
1520 SolymanI 
1849 Soulouque 
1851 Soult 

1843 Southey 
1678 Stafford 
1764 Stanislaus 

750 Stephen II 
767 Stephen III 
816 Stephen IV 
886 Stephen VI 
896 Stephen VII 
929 Stephen VIII 
939 Stephen IX 

1057 Stephen X 

1135 Stephen 

1575 Stephen 

1861 Stephens AH 

1848 Stockton 
10 Strabo 

1849 Strauss 



A.D. 

1843 Suarez 
1600 Sully 
1513 Surry 
1800 Suwarrow 
1000 Sweyn 
1148 Sweyn IV 
1683 Sydney 
1000 Sylvester II 
384 Symmachus 

125 Tacitus 

275 Tacitus 
1838 Talleyrand 
1370 Tamerlane 
1849 Taylor Zachary 
1307 Tell Wm 

200 Tertullian 
1863 Thackeray 

519 Thampasp I 
1736 Thampasp Kouli Khan 

534 Theodatus 
1054 Theodora 
1336 Theodora 

642 Theodore 

490 Theodoric 

379 Theodosius 

408 Theodosius II 

715 Theodosius III 

829 Theophilus 
1740 Theresa Maria 

511 Thierry 
1856 Thierry 

673 Thierry II 

720 Thierry IV 
14 Tiberius 

Tiberius Alexander 

578 Tiberius II 
1851 Tien-teh 
1369 Timur Bek 
35 Tiridates 
79 Titus 
1678 Titus Oates 
1037 Togrul Beg 
1817 Tompkins I) D 



ON THE CHART OF MODERN HISTORY. 



119 



546 Totila 
98 Trajan 
1836 Travis 
1861 Tsai-Chun 
1780 Tupac Amaru 
1841 Tyler J 

1618 Ulrica Elenora 
1088 Urban II 
1185 Urban III 
1261 Urban IV 
1362 Urban V 
1378 Urban VI 
1590 Urban VII 
1623 Urban VIII 
1853 Urbina 
1852 Urquiza 
1109 Urraca 
1840 Urrea 

1840 Valencia 
364 Valens 
142 Valentine 
827 Valentine 
364 Valentinian 
383 Valentinian II 

J 837 VanBuren 

639 Van Tromp 

272 Varanes I 

276 Varanes II 

389 Varanes IV 

420 Varanes V 

45 Vardanes 
1836 Vargas 

1848 Vasconcelos 
1498 Vasco de Gama 
1505 Vasily or Basil IV 

1841 Velasco 
70 Vespasian 

1054 Victor II 
1086 Victor III 
1714 Victor Amadseus 
1815 Victor Emanuel 

1849 Victor Emanuel II 



1837 Victoria 
657 Vitalianus 
69 Vitellus 
536 Vitiges 
50 Vologeses I 
134 Vologeses II 
189 Vologeses III 
1768 Voltaire 
1835 Von Humboldt Wm 
1859 Von Humboldt Alex 

15 Vonones I 
445 Vortigern 
454 Vortimer 

1157 Waldemar I 
1203 Waldemar II 
1340 Waldemar III 
1250 Waldemar 

704 Walid I 

743 Walid II 
1855 Walker 
1397 Wallace 
1560 Warwick 
1755 Washington 
1381 Wat Tyler 
1794 Wayne 
1852 Webster Daniel 
1815 Wellington 
1739 Wesley John 
1375 Wickliffe 
1861 Wilkes 
1066 William I 
1087 William Rufus 
1672 William III 
1829 William IV 
1041 William 
1102 William II 
1154 William III 
1166 William IV 
1165 William I the Lion 
1579 William I 
1647 William II 
1672 William III 
1761 William V 



120 



A KEY TO THE NAMES MENTIONED, ETC. 



1840 William I 
1849 William III 
1861 William I 
1636 Williams Koger 
1378 Winceslaus 

1849 Windischgratz 
1759 Wolfe 

1850 Wordsworth 

1858 Yeh 



679 Yezid 
719 Yezid II 
744 Yezid III 

741 Zachary 
1862 Zaragoza 

476 Zeno 
1606 Zuinski 
1858 Zuloaga 



GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 

OF ANCIENT AND MIDDLE HISTORY, WITH THEIR CORREf 
PONDING MODERN NAMES. 



Ancient and Middle ** i tt- . ■ i at 

Hist Names Modern Historical Names. 



Acarnania. ....... .._.. Carnia in Greece. 

Africa, propria ...... Tunis and Tripoli. 

Albania $ Schirvan, Daghistan, and part of 

. ....... . .. .... -^ Georgia. 

Apulia ... .... Puglia, in Naples. 

Aquitania . . . Gascony and Guienne, in France. 

^sSor..^: }Bay of Biscay. 

Aria. Karasm, in Independent Tartary. 

Arcadia. Central Morea. 

Argolis . . . . _. East Morea. 

Armenia ........... Turcomania and Aladulia, in Turkey. 

Asia Minor. ........ Turkey, B. Black and Caspian seas. 

Assyria ............ Curdistan, in Turkey. 

Attica _ East Greece. 

* Austrasia ......... East France . 

Babylonia, or Chaldea Irak, in Turkey. 

Bactriana ....... .... Bucnaria, in Independent Tartary. 

Baleares Isles , Majorca, Minorca, and Ivica. 

Belgica Belgium. 

Bithynia Natolia, on Black sea. 

Bceotia Central Greece. 

Borysthenes, river . . . Dnieper. 

Brigantia, lake ...... Constance. 

Britannia Great Britain. 

Bruttii South Italy, Naples. 

^Burgundy .......... Savoy, Switzerland, part of E. France 

Byzantium Constantinople. 

Calabria East Italy, Naples. 

Caledonia Scotland. 

* Middle History. 

121 



122 



GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 



Ancient and Middle nr , „• . • , w 

Hist. Names. Modern Historical Names. 

Campania Kingdom of Naples. 

Canaan Palestine, in Syria. 

Cappadocia In Turkey, west of Turcomania. 

Caria Natolia, in Turkey. 

Carmania Kerman, in Persia. 

Carthage Near Tunis. 

Cephallenia Cephalonia. 

Chaldea, or Babylonia Irak, in Turkey. 

Cilicia Turkey in Asia, on Mediterranean s< 

Cimbri tribe. ........ Holstein and Jutland, Denmark. 

Colchis ............ Mingrelia and Imiritia. 

Corcyra . . . . Corfu 

Crete Candia. 

Dacia Hungary, Transylvania. 

Dalmatia South Austria, on Gulf of Venice. 

Doris In Greece. 

Ebudae Western Islands, or Hebrides. 

Elis In Morea. 

Elymais Khusistan, in Persia. 

Epirus Albania, in Turkey in Europe. 

Ethiopia Nubia and Abyssinia. 

Eubcea Negropont. 

Euxine sea Black sea. 

Florentia Florence. 

Frisii tribe, *Frish.. Holland. 

Gallatia In Natolia, in Turkey. 

Gallia, or Gaul ...... France and Belgium. 

Gallia Cisalpina Northern Italy. 

Gedrosia Beloochistan. 

Germania Germany, Prussia, and N. Austria. 

Graecia, Magna Kingdom of Naples. 

Granicus river Dematica. 

Hellespont Dardanelles. 

Helvetia Switzerland. 

Hibernia Ireland. 

Hispania Spain. 

• Middle History. 



GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 123 

AnC Hilt a Na™i ddU Modern HisioricaL Names - 

[abadii Sumatra. 

[axartes . Sihon . 

[beria Georgia. 

Ichnusa. Sardinia. 

[da, mount Gargara. 

Illyricum Croatia & Dalmatia, in Aust. & Tuikev 

[ndia Hindoostan, Birmah, and Siam. 

India, beyond the ) Farther India . 

Ganges j 

Ionia Natolia, on the Archipelago. 

Ister and Danubus riv. Danube. 

Istria South Austria. 

Italia Italy. 

Italia, propria Central Italy. 

Judea In Syria. 

Laconia Morea. 

Latium Central Italy. 

Lesbos, island Mytilin. 

Liburnia Croatia. 

Libya Barca. 

Liger, river Loire. 

Liguria Southern part of the km. of Sardinia. 

Locris Greece, on Gulf Leponta. 

Lucania In Naples. 

Lugdunensis Florence, Central. 

Lusitania Portugal. 

Lycaonia Caramania, in Turkey. 

Lydia In Natolia, in Turkey in Asia. 

Macedonia Roumetia, European Tuikey. 

Margiania Karasm, in Independent Tartary. 

Marmarica Barca, in Africa. 

Massagetae tribe Khokhan, in Independent Tartary. 

Media Irak, in Persia. 

Megaris Greece, on the Gulf of Leponta. 

Mcesia Servia and Bulgaria. 

Mesopotamia Diarbekir, in Turkey. 

Messenia Morea. 

Mona Isle of man. 

Mysia . . . . Natolia, in Turkey. 



124 GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 

A *%ZfJ5F U Modem Histoid Names. 

*Neringonia Norway. 

Noricum . . . . ► Austria. 

*Normandv 1 North-west France on the English 

^ " * J channel. 

Numidia . ..„.++ . . * Algiers and Bled-el-Jerid, in Africa. 

Olympus, Mt.. .—.._. + Lacha, Livadia in Turkey. 

Orcades ...... ... .... Orkney Isles. 

*Orleans .>-... Loire, in France. 

Oxus, river * ....... .... Amoo. 

Pannonia Sclavonia. 

Paphlagonia Natolia, in Tarkey. 

Parthia Irak Agemi, in Persia. 

Patmos, island. ...... Patmosa, in the Archipelago. 

Peloponnesus Morea. 

Pergamus . ... ...... . . South-west Mysia. 

Persis South Persia. 

Phocis In Greece. 

Phoenicia In Syria. 

Phrygia Natolia. 

Pontus Turkey in Asia, on Black sea. 

Propontis Sea of Marmora. 

Rha, river Volga. 

Rhenus, river Rhine. 

Rhsetia Bavaria. 

Rubicon, river ....... Pisotell, North Italy. 

Sarmatia \ ^ ussia > P°l an d, Astrachan, and Orea- 

\ ) burg. 

Scandinavia Norway and Sweden. 

Scyros, island Scyro. 

Scythia Tartary and Siberia. 

Sicilia Sicily. 

Sicyonia In Morea. 

Susianna Khusistan, in Persia. 

Tamesis, river Thames. 

Tanais, river Don. 

Tauri ^a Crimea. 

* Middle History. 



GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. 125 

Ancient and Middle ■** j rr- . • 7 Ar 

Hist Names. Modern Hlstoncal Na ™* 

Thebais South Egypt. 

Thessalia Livadia, in Greece. 

Thracia Romania, South Turkey. 

T roas ( Natolia ; between Marmora and Archi 

\ pelago. 
Tyras, river Dniester. 

Vebanus, lake Maggiore. 

Vectis Isle of Wight. 

Vulcanian islands . . . Lipari Islands. 

Zacynthus, island . . . Zante. 
Zingia Cape Orfol. 



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